springboot怎么自动装配第三方组件

一般常用的装配第三方组件有两种方式：1、通过spi   2、通过注解

通过spi

看下自己自定义的项目结构 ：

注意：这个项目只需要引入spring的依赖，不需要引入springboot的依赖,当然引入springboot依赖也是可以的

如pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot_spi</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

   <dependencies>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
           <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
           <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
           <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
       </dependency>
   </dependencies>

</project>

springboot 在项目启动的时候会自动去扫描 classpath下META-INF下的spring.factories文件

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
    com.fen.dou.TestAutoConfig

 通过org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration作为key，去获取需要注入的类

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class TestAutoConfig {

    @Bean
    public SayHello sayHello(){
        return new SayHello();
    }
}

注意：自动装配的类一定要用@Configuration注解进行修饰，并用@bean声明需要注入的bean，用@Component是不行的

public class SayHello {
    public void say(){
        System.out.println("-----------------hello--------------------");
    }
}

然后在其他的项目中用maven进行引入，在没有maven私有仓库的情况下，可以把这两个项目弄成两个module

在另外一个module中引入：

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>springboot_spi</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>

 

 看已经装配进去了

通过注解

 先来创建一个module

 pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot_annotation</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

public class SayWelcome {
    public void say(){
        System.out.println("-----------------welcome--------------------");
    }
}

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class TestAnnotationAutoConfig {

    @Bean
    public SayWelcome sayWelcome(){
        return new SayWelcome();
    }
}

在另外一个module中引入：

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>springboot_annotation</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>

 在另外一个项目创建注解：EnableAutoConfigurationCustom，这里使用了import注解把那个配置类注入进去

import com.fen.dou.TestAnnotationAutoConfig;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationPackage;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import(TestAnnotationAutoConfig.class)
public @interface EnableAutoConfigurationCustom {


}

并且在启动类引入这个注解： 

 运行如下：