#二、分组函数
/*
功能:用作统计使用,又称为聚合函数或统计函数或组函数
分类:
1。sum 求和
2.avg 平均值
3.max 最大值
4.min 最小值
5.count 计算个数
特点:
1.sum、 avg 一般用于处理数值类型
max、min、count 可以处理任何类型
2.以上分组都忽略null值
3.可以和distinct(去重) 搭配实现去重的运算
4.count函数的单独介绍
一般使用count(*)用作统计函数
5.和分组函数一同的查询的字段要求是group by 后的字段
*/
#1. 简单的使用
SELECT SUM(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT AVG(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT MIN(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT COUNT(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT SUM(salary) 和,AVG (salary) 平均 FROM employees;
#2.参数支持哪些类型
#已然没有了意义,虽然不报错
SELECT SUM(last_name) ,AVG(last_name)FROM employees;
SELECT SUM(hiredate) ,AVG(hiredate)FROM employees;
#count 计算的是非空字段的个数,max,min前提是能排序
SELECT MAX(last_name),MIN(last_name),COUNT(last_name) FROM employees;
SELECT MAX(hiredate),MIN(hiredate),COUNT(hiredate) FROM employees;
#3.是否忽略null
SELECT SUM(commission_pct) ,AVG(commission_pct) FROM employees;
SELECT MIN(commission_pct) ,MAX(commission_pct) FROM employees;
#4.和distinct 搭配
SELECT SUM(DISTINCT salary),SUM(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT salary)FROM employees;
#5.count 函数的详细介绍
SELECT COUNT(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM employees;
SELECT COUNT(1) FROM employees;
/*
MYISAM存储引擎下,count()的效率高
INNODB存储引擎下,count()和 count(1) 的效率差不多,比count(字段)要高一些
*/
#6.和分组函数一同的查询的字段有限制
#没有意义
SELECT AVG(salary),employee_id FROM employees;
SELECT DATEDIFF(NOW(),'1999-7-5') 相差天数;
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM employees WHERE department_id=90;