ServletContext对象访问文件（getResourceAsStream(String s)，getResource(String s),getRealPath(String s)）

使用ServletContext对象访问文件：

一、在项目web 下面创建一个文件夹file，接着创建一个test.properties文件，并输入如图信息

二、配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
		  http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         version="2.5">

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ServletFile</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/file</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--<servlet-mapping>-->
        <!--<servlet-name>ServletContextTest</servlet-name>-->
        <!--<url-pattern>/test</url-pattern>-->
    <!--</servlet-mapping>-->

</web-app>

三、servlet处理（ServletFile.java）

package com.hcq.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Properties;

public class ServletFile extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        应用servlet上下文读取properties文件
        readProperties();
//        应用servlet上下文写内容到文件中
        writeProperties();

    }

    private void writeProperties() throws IOException {
        String realPath = getServletContext().getRealPath("/file/b.properties");
        FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(realPath);
        BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(fw);
        bw.write("写出到文件的内容");
        bw.flush();
        bw.close();
    }

    private void readProperties() throws IOException {
        String realPath = getServletContext().getRealPath("/file/test.properties");//返回该资源文件的绝对路径
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(realPath);
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(fis);
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.load(isr);//这里我们使用字符流读取，防止出现乱码
        String db = properties.getProperty("db");
        String user = properties.getProperty("user");
        System.out.println("db:" + db);
        System.out.println("user:" + user);
        isr.close();
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

四、结果

注：不要忘记导入包

补充：

1.  ServletContext的getResourceAsStream(String s)方法也可以读取文件
InputStream is = getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/file/test.properties");//返回字节输入流
接下来的步骤与getRealPath(String s)方法一致


2. ServletContext的getResource(String s)方法也可以读取文件
URL urlObj = this.getServletContext().getResource("/file/test.properties");
InputStream is = urlObj.openStream();//返回一个字节输入流。
接下来的步骤与getRealPath(String s)方法一致