单元测试-积累

1、插件安装

可以借助两种插件 squaretest
或者 TestMe
安装过程参考 Idea 单元测试插件的安装

2、Mockito 使用技巧

2.1、准备

MAVEN

 
<dependency>
                <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
                <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
                <version>3.7.7</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
                <artifactId>mockito-inline</artifactId>
                <version>3.7.7</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
                <artifactId>mockito-junit-jupiter</artifactId>
                <version>3.7.7</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>net.bytebuddy</groupId>
                <artifactId>byte-buddy</artifactId>
                <version>1.9.10</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.13</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>

测试类上的注解

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)

需运行内部逻辑对象的Mock

此对象会被 Mockito 实例化，无需Spring注入
不需要对这个对象的方法when,会实际执行内部逻辑

@InjectMocks
    private Aaa aaa;

无需运行内部逻辑对象的Mock

此对象会被 Mockito 实例化，且不会运行内部的逻辑，但是需要指定对应参数下的返回结果，见2.2

@Mock
    private Aaa aaa;

让注解生效

@Before
    public void setup(){
        //MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this); //这个已过期
        MockitoAnnotations.openMocks(this);
    }

2.2、方法内

Mock 注入到一个变量

@Before
    public void setup(){
        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(对象, "fieldName", 值);
    }

Mock方法任意入参都返回特定结果

when(aaa.method1(org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString()
                , org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any()(),
                org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any(AAA.class)))
                .thenReturn(
                        java.util.Optional.of(new Demo("ddd"
                                , "",1,"")));

Mock方法指定入参返回特定结果

final Demoaaa demoaaa = new Demoaaa();
when(aaa.method1(new Demo("aaa"
                , Arrays.asList("bbb")
                , "ccc", 0L, "ddd")))
                .thenReturn(demoaaa);

Mock 静态方法

使用 try 声明 Mock 资源，可以完成静态资源的自动回收(不回收会影响其它单测)

try(MockedStatic<BeanUtils> beanUtil = mockStatic(BeanUtils.class)){
            beanUtil.when((MockedStatic.Verification) BeanUtils.getBean(Demo.class))
                    .thenReturn(demo);
            // Run the test
            demoTest.demoMethod(request);

        }

Mock 静态方法完整案例

import demo.BeanUtils;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.MockedStatic;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;

import static org.mockito.Mockito.mockStatic;
@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class DemoImplTest {

    @InjectMocks
    private DemoImpl demoUnderTest;
    @Mock
    DemoA demoA;

    @Before
    public void setup(){
        MockitoAnnotations.openMocks(this);
    }

    @Test
    public void testDemoMethod() {
        // Setup
        final DemoRequest request = new DemoRequest();
        request.setId(0L);
        try(MockedStatic<BeanUtils> beanUtil = mockStatic(BeanUtils.class)){
            beanUtil.when((MockedStatic.Verification) BeanUtils.getBean(DemoA.class))
                    .thenReturn(demoA);
            // Run the test
            final DemoResponse result = demoUnderTest.demoMethod(request);

        }

    }
}

2.3、结果判定

判定一致

// Verify the results
String result = aaa.method3();
        assertThat(result).isEqualTo("ok");
        assertThat(result).isEqualTo("ok");

3、C#的Mock

C# XUnit单元测试中使用Mock模拟数据