C++ Primer 从入门到放弃之第四章练习题

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-26 16:54:12 发布

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4.1

4.1.2 节练习

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

int main(){

    // 4.1
    int v = 5 + 10 * 20 / 2;
    cout << v << endl;

    // 4.2
    vector<int> vals;
    for (int m = 0; m < 10; m+=2) {
        vals.push_back(m);
        cout << m << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;
    int a = *vals.begin();
    int b = *(vals.begin());
    cout << a << " " << b << endl;

    a = *vals.begin() + 1;
    b = (*vals.begin()) + 1;
    cout << a << " " << b << endl;
    
    return 0;
}

4.2 节练习

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){

    // 4.4 a = 91
    int a = 12 / 3 * 4 + 5 * 15 + 24 % 4 / 2;
    int b = ((12 / 3) * 4) + (5 * 15) + ((24 % 4) / 2);
    cout << a << " " << b << endl;

    // 4.5 -86, -18, 0, -2
    a = -30 * 3 + 21 / 5;
    b = -30 + 3 * 21 / 5;
    int c = 30 / 3 * 21 % 5;
    int d = -30 / 3 * 21 % 4;
    cout << a << " " << b << " " << c << " " << d << endl;

    // 4.6
    cin >> a;
    if (a % 2 == 1) cout << "odd" << endl;
    if (a % 2 == 0) cout << "even" << endl;

    // 4.7 内存溢出，存储空间不够用了
    // int m = 4294967296;

    return 0;
}

4.3 节练习

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main(){

    // 4.8 相等性 > 与 > 或 ？

    // 4.9 先判断 cp 是否为空指针，再判断 cp 指向的是否是空字符串
    const char *p = "Hello World";

    // 4.10
    int val = 0;
    while (cin >> val && val != 42) continue;
    cout << "end" << endl;

    // 4.11
    int a,b,c,d;
    cin >> a >> b >> c >> d;
    if (a > b && b > c && c > d) cout << "correct" << endl;
    else cout << "incorrect" << endl;

    // 4.12 i != j < k
    // i != j 返回一个 bool 数，然后将这个 bool 与 k 相比较

    return 0;
}

4.4 节练习

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main(){

    // 4.13
    int i; double d;
    d = i = 3.5;
    cout << i << " " << d << endl; // 3 3
    i = d = 3.5;
    cout << i << " " << d << endl; // 3 3.5

    // 4.14
    // if( i = 42) 将42赋值给i，再将i转为bool

    // 4.15
    double dval; int ival; int *pi;
    dval = ival = *pi = 0;

    // 4.16
    // if ((p = get()) != 0)
    // if (i == 1024)

    return 0;
}

4.5 节练习

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main(){

    // 4.17
    // j = ++i, i += 1 first, then assign j with i
    // j = i++, assign j with i first, then i += 1

    // 4.18
    // 会输出 *v.end()，非法

    // 4.19
    vector<int> vec = {1,2,3,4};
    int ival = 1, *ptr = &ival;
    // a 想表达的应该是 ptr 不为空指针 且 ptr 指向的 int 不为 0；然后将 ptr 指向的值 + 1
    if (ptr != 0 && (*ptr)++) cout << *ptr << endl;
    // b
    if (ival++ && ival) cout << ival << endl;
    // c
    vec[ival] <= vec[ival+1];
    ++ival;

    return 0;
}

4.6 节练习

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main(){

    // 4.20
    vector<string> v(10, "");
    auto it = v.begin();
    // a 合法，先输出 *it，然后it++
    // b 不合法，string 没有 ++
    // c 不合法，(*iter).empty()
    // d 合法
    // e 合法，++优先级高于 *，将迭代器先++然后再解引
    // f 合法？

    return 0;
}

4.7 节练习

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

int main(){

    // 4.21
    vector<int> vec;
    for (int i = 0; i != 10; ++i) vec.push_back(i);
    for (auto &i : vec){
        i = (i % 2 == 1) ? i * 2 : i;
    }
    for (auto i: vec) cout << i << " ";
    cout << endl;

    // 4.22
    int grade;
    while (cin >> grade && grade){
        string finalGrade = (grade > 90) ? "High Pass" : (grade > 75) ? "Low Pass" : (grade > 60) ? "Pass" : "Fail";
        cout << finalGrade << endl;
    }

    // 4.23
    string s = "word";
    string pl = s + (((s[s.size() - 1]) == 's') ? "" : "s");
    cout << pl << endl;

    return 0;
}

4.8 节练习

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main(){

    // 4.25
    unsigned char bits = 0161; // 01110001
    unsigned long b = ~bits << 6;
    // 00000000 00000000 00000000 01110001
    // 11111111 11111111 11111111 10001110
    // 11111111 11111111 11100011 10000000
    for (int i = 31; i >= 0; --i){
        bool s = b & (1UL << i);
        cout << s;
        if (i % 8 == 0) cout << " "; 
    }
    cout << endl;

    // 4.26 取决于 unsigned int 有几位
    
    // 4.27
    unsigned long ul1 = 3, ul2 = 7;
    // 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000011 ul1 
    // 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000111 ul2 
    // 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000011 ul1 & ul2 
    // 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000111 ul1 | ul2 
    // 1 ul1 && ul2 
    // 1 ul1 || ul2 
    for (int i = 31; i >= 0; --i){
        bool s = (ul1 & ul2) & (1UL << i);
        cout << s;
        if (i % 8 == 0) cout << " "; 
    }
    cout << endl;
    for (int i = 31; i >= 0; --i){
        bool s = (ul1 | ul2) & (1UL << i);
        cout << s;
        if (i % 8 == 0) cout << " "; 
    }
    cout << endl;
    cout << (ul1 && ul2 ) << endl;
    cout << (ul1 || ul2 ) << endl;

    return 0;
}

4.9 节练习

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main(){

    // 4.28
    int a;
    short c;
    long d;
    long long e;
    float b;
    char f;
    int *p;
    cout << "int: " << sizeof(a) << " "
    << "float: " << sizeof(b) << " "
    << "short: " << sizeof(c) << " "
    << "long: " << sizeof(d) << " "
    << "long long: " << sizeof(e) << " "
    << "char: " << sizeof(f) << " "
    << "pointer " << sizeof(p) << endl;

    // 4.29 10 1
    int x[10];
    p = x;
    cout << sizeof(x) / sizeof(*x) << endl;
    cout << sizeof(p) / sizeof(*p) << endl;

    return 0;
}

4.10 节练习

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main(){

    // 4.31
    // 前置可以减少内存消耗

    // 4.32
    
    // 4.33
    int x = 1, y = 11, someValue = 1;
    someValue ? ++x, ++y : --x, --y;
    cout << x << " " << y << endl;
    // if someValue: ++x, ++y, --y
    // if not someValue: ++x, --x, --y

    return 0;
}

4.11

4.11.1 节练习

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){

    // 4.34
    // a float -> bool
    // b int -> float, float -> double
    // c char -> int, int -> double

    // 4.35
    // a char -> int -> char
    char cval = 'a' + 3;
    cout << cval << endl;
    // b usigned int -> double -> float
    unsigned int ui = 1;
    int ival = 2;
    float fval = ui - ival * 1.1;
    cout << fval << endl;
    // c unsigned int -> float ->double
    double dval = ui * fval;
    cout << dval << endl;
    // d double -> char

    return 0;
}

4.11.3 节练习

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){

    // 4.36
    int i = 1; double d = 2.0;
    i *= static_cast<int>(d);
    cout << i << endl;

    // 4.38
    // 将 j/i 的结果强制转换为double类型

    return 0;
}