626. Exchange Seats

Mary is a teacher in a middle school and she has a table seat storing students' names and their corresponding seat ids.

The column  id  is continuous increment.

Mary wants to change seats for the adjacent students.

Can you write a SQL query to output the result for Mary?

+---------+---------+
|    id   | student |
+---------+---------+
|    1    | Abbot   |
|    2    | Doris   |
|    3    | Emerson |
|    4    | Green   |
|    5    | Jeames  |
+---------+---------+

For the sample input, the output is:

+---------+---------+
|    id   | student |
+---------+---------+
|    1    | Doris   |
|    2    | Abbot   |
|    3    | Green   |
|    4    | Emerson |
|    5    | Jeames  |
+---------+---------+

Note:

If the number of students is odd, there is no need to change the last one's seat.

select 
(case
when id%2 !=0 and id !=cnt then id+1
when id%2 !=0 and id = cnt then id
else id-1
end) as id,
student
from seat,
(select count(*) cnt from seat) as seat_counts
order by id asc;

还有另一种方法，switch id，需要用到异或的办法

SELECT id, (id+1)^1-1, student FROM seat;

| id | (id+1)^1-1 | student |
|----|------------|---------|
| 1  | 2          | Abbot   |
| 2  | 1          | Doris   |
| 3  | 4          | Emerson |
| 4  | 3          | Green   |
| 5  | 6          | Jeames  |

Then, we can make a temp table and join seat with this table like below.

SELECT
    *
FROM
    seat s1
        LEFT JOIN
    seat s2 ON (s1.id+1)^1-1 = s2.id
ORDER BY s1.id;

| id | student | id | student |
|----|---------|----|---------|
| 1  | Abbot   | 2  | Doris   |
| 2  | Doris   | 1  | Abbot   |
| 3  | Emerson | 4  | Green   |
| 4  | Green   | 3  | Emerson |
| 5  | Jeames  |    |         |

Note:The first two columns are from s1 and the last two are from s2.

At last, we can output s1.id and s2.student. However, the s2.student is NULL for seat id '5' but s1.student is right. Thus, we we can use function COALESCE() to generate the correct output for the last record.

MySQL

SELECT
    s1.id, COALESCE(s2.student, s1.student) AS student
FROM
    seat s1
        LEFT JOIN
    seat s2 ON ((s1.id + 1) ^ 1) - 1 = s2.id
ORDER BY s1.id;