第八周任务（一）

* (程序头部注释开始)    

 

* 程序的版权和版本声明部分    

    

* Copyright (c) 2011, 烟台大学计算机学院学生    

    

* All rights reserved.    

    

* 文件名称：实现复述类中的运算符的重载  

    

* 作 者：刘洋  

    

 * 完成日期： 2011年 4月 9日    

    

*版 本 号：    1.0

    

 * 对任务及求解方法的描述部分：利用类的成员函数完成运算符的重载 

   

*问题描述：定义一个复数类重载运算符，使之能用于复数的加减乘除

 

方案一：用类的成员函数完成运算符的重载

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
	Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
	Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
	Complex operator+(Complex &c2);
	Complex operator-(Complex &c2);
	Complex operator*(Complex &c2);
	Complex operator/(Complex &c2);
	void display();
private:
	double real;
	double imag;
};
//下面定义成员函数

//复数相加： (a+bi)+(c+di)=(a+c)+(b+d)i.
Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c2)    
{  
    Complex c;   
    c.real=real+c2.real;  
    c.imag=imag+c2.imag;  
    return c;  
}  
  
  
//复数相减：(a+bi)-(c+di)=(a-c)+(b-d)i.      
Complex Complex::operator-(Complex &c2)      
{      
    Complex c;      
    c.real=real-c2.real;      
    c.imag=imag-c2.imag;      
    return c;      
}      
    
//复数相乘：(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac－bd)+(bc+ad)i.  
   
Complex Complex::operator*(Complex &c2) 
{      
    Complex  c;      
    c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;      
    c.imag=imag*c2.real+real*c2.imag;      
    return c;      
}      
    
//复数相除：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2) +(bc-ad)/(c^2+d^2)i  
Complex Complex::operator/(Complex &c2) 
{      
    Complex  c;      
    double d=c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag;  
    c.real=(real*c2.real+imag*c2.imag)/d;     //此处有危险未排除：除法溢出  
    c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/d;      
    return c;      
}   
     
void Complex::display( )    
{  
    cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;  
}  

int main()
{
	Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
	cout<<"c1=";
	c1.display();
	cout<<"c2=";
	c2.display();
	c3=c1+c2;
	cout<<"c1+c2=";
	c3.display();
	c3=c1-c2;
	cout<<"c1-c2=";
	c3.display();
	c3=c1*c2;
	cout<<"c1*c2=";
	c3.display();
	c3=c1/c2;
	cout<<"c1/c2=";
	c3.display();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

 

 

 

 

方案二：请用类的友元函数，而不是成员函数，完成上面提及的运算符的重载：

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
	Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
	Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
	friend Complex operator+(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
	friend Complex operator-(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
	friend Complex operator*(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
	friend Complex operator/(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
	friend void display(Complex &c2);
private:
	double real;
	double imag;
};
//下面定义友元函数

//复数相加： (a+bi)+(c+di)=(a+c)+(b+d)i.
Complex operator+(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)    
{  
    Complex c;   
    c.real=c1.real+c2.real;  
    c.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;  
    return c;  
}  
  
  
//复数相减：(a+bi)-(c+di)=(a-c)+(b-d)i.      
Complex operator-(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)      
{      
    Complex c;      
    c.real=c1.real-c2.real;      
    c.imag=c1.imag-c2.imag;      
    return c;      
}      
    
//复数相乘：(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac－bd)+(bc+ad)i.  
   
Complex operator*(Complex &c1,Complex &c2) 
{      
    Complex  c;      
    c.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag;      
    c.imag=c1.imag*c2.real+c1.real*c2.imag;      
    return c;      
}      
    
//复数相除：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2) +(bc-ad)/(c^2+d^2)i  
Complex operator/(Complex &c1,Complex &c2) 
{      
    Complex  c;      
    double d=c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag;  
    c.real=(c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/d;     //此处有危险未排除：除法溢出  
    c.imag=(c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag)/d;      
    return c;      
}   
     
void display(Complex &c2)    
{  
    cout<<"("<<c2.real<<","<<c2.imag<<"i)"<<endl;  
}  

int main()
{
	Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
	cout<<"c1=";
	display(c1);
	cout<<"c2=";
	display(c2);
	c3=c1+c2;
	cout<<"c1+c2=";
	display(c3);
	c3=c1-c2;
	cout<<"c1-c2=";
	display(c3);
	c3=c1*c2;
	cout<<"c1*c2=";
	display(c3);
	c3=c1/c2;
	cout<<"c1/c2=";
	display(c3);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

 

方案三：在方案二的基础上，扩展+、-、*、/运算符的功能，使之能与double型数据进行运算。设Complex c; double d; c?d和d?c的结果为将d视为实部为d的复数同c运算的结果（其中?为+、-、*、/之一）。另外，定义一目运算符-，-c相当于0-c。

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
	Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
	Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
	friend Complex operator+(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
	friend Complex operator-(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
	friend Complex operator-(Complex &c2);
	friend Complex operator*(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
	friend Complex operator/(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
	friend Complex operator+(Complex &c1,const double &d);
	friend Complex operator+(const double &d, Complex &c);
	friend void display(Complex &c2);
private:
	double real;
	double imag;
};
//下面定义友元函数

//复数相加： (a+bi)+(c+di)=(a+c)+(b+d)i.
Complex operator+(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)    
{  
    Complex c;   
    c.real=c1.real+c2.real;  
    c.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;  
    return c;  
}  
Complex operator+(Complex &c1,const double &d)
{
	return Complex(c1.real+d, c1.imag);
}
Complex operator+(const double &d, Complex &c1)
{
	return Complex(c1.real+d, c1.imag);
}
  
//复数相减：(a+bi)-(c+di)=(a-c)+(b-d)i.      
Complex operator-(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)      
{      
    Complex c;      
    c.real=c1.real-c2.real;      
    c.imag=c1.imag-c2.imag;      
    return c;      
}      
Complex operator-(Complex &c2)
{
	return Complex(-c2.real, -c2.imag);

}
//复数相乘：(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac－bd)+(bc+ad)i.  
   
Complex operator*(Complex &c1,Complex &c2) 
{      
    Complex  c;      
    c.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag;      
    c.imag=c1.imag*c2.real+c1.real*c2.imag;      
    return c;      
}      
    
//复数相除：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2) +(bc-ad)/(c^2+d^2)i  
Complex operator/(Complex &c1,Complex &c2) 
{      
    Complex  c;      
    double d=c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag;  
    c.real=(c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/d;     //此处有危险未排除：除法溢出  
    c.imag=(c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag)/d;      
    return c;      
}   
     
void display(Complex &c2)    
{  
    cout<<"("<<c2.real<<","<<c2.imag<<"i)"<<endl;  
}  

int main()
{
	Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3,c4;
	cout<<"c1=";
	display(c1);
	cout<<"c2=";
	display(c2);
	c3=c1+c2;
	cout<<"c1+c2=";
	display(c3);
	c3=c1-c2;
	cout<<"c1-c2=";
	display(c3);
	c3=c1*c2;
	cout<<"c1*c2=";
	display(c3);
	c3=c1/c2;
	cout<<"c1/c2=";
	display(c3);
    c4=c1+3.14;
	cout<<"c1+3.14=";
	display(c4);
	c4=3.14+c1;
	cout<<"3.14+c1=";
	display(c4);
	c4=-c1;
	cout<<"-c1=";
	display(c4);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}