要在 Spring Boot 中
实现 SQLite 加密功能，可以使用
SQLite 的 SQLCipher 扩展。SQLCipher 是一个基于
SQLite 的
加密数据库，提供了
加密和解密
SQLite 数据库的方法。
下面是
实现步骤：
1. 添加 SQLCipher 依赖
在 pom.xml 文件中添加以下依赖：
```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>net.zetetic</groupId>
<artifactId>android-
database-sqlcipher</artifactId>
<version>4.4.0</version>
</dependency>
```
2. 配置
SQLite 数据库
在 application.properties 文件中配置
SQLite 数据库，设置
加密密码等信息，例如：
```properties
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.
sqlite.JDBC
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:
sqlite:test.db
spring.datasource.username=
spring.datasource.password=
spring.datasource.tomcat.initial-size=1
spring.datasource.tomcat.max-active=5
spring.datasource.tomcat.min-idle=1
spring.datasource.tomcat.max-idle=5
# Enabling SQLCipher for
SQLite
spring.jpa.
database-platform=com.example.
sqlite.Platform
spring.datasource.sql-script-encoding=UTF-8
```
其中，`com.example.
sqlite.Platform` 是一个自定义的
数据库平台类，用于启用 SQLCipher 扩展。在这个类中，我们需要指定 SQLCipher 的
加密密码，例如：
```java
public class Platform extends
SQLiteDialect {
private static final String CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "256";
@Override
public String getAddPrimaryKeyString(String constraintName) {
return " primary key";
}
@Override
public boolean supportsIdentityColumns() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean hasDataTypeInIdentityColumn() {
return false;
}
@Override
public String getIdentityColumnString() {
return "integer";
}
@Override
public String getIdentitySelectString() {
return "select last_insert_rowid()";
}
@Override
public String getSequenceNextValString(String sequenceName) {
return "select " + sequenceName + ".nextval from dual";
}
@Override
public String getCreateSequenceString(String sequenceName) {
return "create sequence " + sequenceName;
}
@Override
public String getDropSequenceString(String sequenceName) {
return "drop sequence " + sequenceName;
}
@Override
public String getLimitString(String sql, boolean hasOffset) {
return new StringBuffer(sql.length() + 20).append(sql).append(hasOffset ? " limit ? offset ?" : " limit ?").toString();
}
@Override
public boolean bindLimitParametersInReverseOrder() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsLimitOffset() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsVariableLimit() {
return false;
}
@Override
public String getQuerySequencesString() {
return null;
}
@Override
public String getTableTypeString() {
return " engine=
sqlite";
}
@Override
public boolean supportsIfExistsBeforeTableName() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsColumnCheck() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsPartitionBy() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsNoColumnsInsert() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsCascadeDelete() {
return false;
}
@Override
public String getForUpdateString() {
return " for update";
}
@Override
public String getWriteLockString(int timeout) {
return " for update";
}
@Override
public String getReadLockString(int timeout) {
return " lock in share mode";
}
@Override
public String getReadLockString() {
return " lock in share mode";
}
@Override
public boolean supportsOuterJoinForUpdate() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsIfExistsAfterTableName() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsTupleDistinctCounts() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsValuesList() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsRowValueConstructorSyntax() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsRowValueConstructorSyntaxInInList() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean useFollowOnLocking() {
return false;
}
@Override
public String getSelectClauseNullString(int sqlType) {
return "null";
}
@Override
public boolean supportsUnionAll() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsCommentOn() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsTemporaryTables() {
return true;
}
@Override
public String getCreateTemporaryTableString() {
return "create temporary table";
}
@Override
public String getCreateTemporaryTablePostfix() {
return "";
}
@Override
public boolean dropTemporaryTableAfterUse() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsCurrentTimestampSelection() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isCurrentTimestampSelectStringCallable() {
return false;
}
@Override
public String getCurrentTimestampSelectString() {
return "select current_timestamp";
}
@Override
public boolean supportsUnion() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsCommentOnTable() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsIfExistsBeforeConstraintName() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsNotNullUnique() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsExistsInSelect() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsLobValueChangePropogation() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsSubqueryOnMutatingTable() {
return false;
}
@Override
public String getSelectGUIDString() {
return "select hex(randomblob(4)) || '-' || hex(randomblob(2)) || '-4' || substr(hex(randomblob(2)),2) || '-a' || substr(hex(randomblob(2)),2) || '-' || hex(randomblob(6))";
}
@Override
public boolean supportsLockTimeouts() {
return false;
}
@Override
public String getForUpdateNowaitString() {
return getForUpdateString();
}
@Override
public boolean supportsTupleDistinctCountsMultiDimensionalArray() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsTuplesInSubqueries() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsSubqueryOnMutatingTableBelow() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsSubqueryOnMutatingTableAbove() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsCircularCascadeDeleteConstraints() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsEmptyInList() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsExpectedLobUsagePattern() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsParameterizedInList() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean requiresCastingOfParametersInSelectClause() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsRowValueConstructorSyntaxInUpdate() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsSkipLocked() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsNoWait() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsIgnore() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsValuesClause() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsWindowFunctions() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsRowValueConstructorSyntaxWhenDerived() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsNationalizedTypes() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsJdbcConnectionLobCreation() {
return false;
}
@Override
public String getResultSetWithHoldabilitySuffix(String sql) {
return sql;
}
@Override
public String getCreateTableString() {
return "create table if not exists";
}
@Override
public boolean supportsLockTimeouts() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsLockTimeouts() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsLockTimeouts() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsLockTimeouts() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsLockTimeouts() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsLockTimeouts() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsLockTimeouts() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsLockTimeouts() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsLockTimeouts() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsLockTimeouts() {
return false;
}
}
```
在这个类中，我们重写了
SQLite 的一些方法，以启用 SQLCipher 扩展。其中，`CIPHER_ALGORITHM` 是 SQLCipher 的
加密算法，这里设置为 256。
3.
加密 SQLite 数据库
在运行时，Spring Boot 会自动创建
SQLite 数据库，并使用 SQLCipher 进行
加密。如果需要在已有的
SQLite 数据库上启用
加密，可以使用下面的代码：
```java
import net.sqlcipher.
database.
SQLiteDatabase;
public class
SQLiteEncryption {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SQLiteDatabase.loadLibs();
String
databasePath = "/path/to/
database.db";
String password = "password";
SQLiteDatabase database =
SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreate
Database(
databasePath, password, null);
// execute SQL statements here
database.close();
}
}
```
其中，`loadLibs` 方法会加载 SQLCipher 库，`openOrCreate
Database` 方法会打开或创建一个
SQLite 数据库，并使用指定的密码进行
加密。在这个方法中，可以执行 SQL 语句等操作。最后，需要关闭
数据库连接。
4. 测试 SQLCipher
加密功能
可以使用以下代码测试 SQLCipher
加密功能：
```java
import net.sqlcipher.Cursor;
import net.sqlcipher.
database.
SQLiteDatabase;
public class
SQLiteEncryption {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SQLiteDatabase.loadLibs();
String
databasePath = "/path/to/
database.db";
String password = "password";
SQLiteDatabase database =
SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreate
Database(
databasePath, password, null);
// execute SQL statements here
database.execSQL("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT, email TEXT)");
database.execSQL("INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES (?, ?)", new Object[]{"John Doe", "john.doe@example.com"});
Cursor cursor =
database.rawQuery("SELECT * FROM users", new String[]{});
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
int id = cursor.getInt(0);
String name = cursor.getString(1);
String email = cursor.getString(2);
System.out.println(id + "\t" + name + "\t" + email);
}
cursor.close();
database.close();
}
}
```
这个代码会创建一个名为 `users` 的表，插入一条数据，并查询所有数据并输出。如果一切正常，应该能够顺利执行，并输出查询结果。
注意：在使用 SQLCipher 时，需要使用 `net.sqlcipher.
database.
SQLiteDatabase` 和 `net.sqlcipher.Cursor` 类替换原来的 `android.
database.
sqlite.
SQLiteDatabase` 和 `android.
database.Cursor` 类。
本文介绍了如何在VS2022的C#项目中使用SQLitePCLRaw库实现数据库加密，包括安装Nuget包、在连接字符串中添加密码、查看加密后的数据以及验证数据库是否加密的方法。
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