802.1X 有线/无线 Guest service

802.1X本身并不算太难,确切的说命令的繁琐,实验环境难以搭建(虚拟机+物理交换机)。是让人比较难入门的门槛。我也没有物理交换机,但毕竟配置只要贴在blog里面就行了。ISE和802.1x的概念还是可以操作复习下的。

一 交换机的推荐配置
文档可以参考,是个美国思科的SE写的:
http://www.network-node.com/blog/2015/12/30/switch-configuration-for-dot1x
official document
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/security/identity-services-engine/116143-config-cise-posture-00.html

我重新整理一遍

aaa new-model

aaa authenticatoin dot1x default group ISE
aaa authorization network default group ISE
aaa accouting dot1x start-stop group ISE

(命令格式与tacacs+非常相似,记住default是对所有支持802.1x的接口开启认证,其实就是access口,思科又来缺心眼,authorization来个network是什么鬼?)

aaa group server radius ISE
server-private 192.168.133.11 key cisco123

aaa server radius dynamic-author
client 192.138.133.11 key cisco123

ip radius source-interface loopback 0

dot1x system-auth-control

device-tracking tracking 3750/3850似乎有点不同
radius-server vsa send authentication
radius-server vsa send accounting

radius-server attribute 6 on-for-login-auth // sends Service-Type attribute in access request
radius-server attribute 8 include-in-access-req // send Framed-IP-address attribute
radius-server attribute 25 access-request include // send Class attribute in access request

ip access-list extended ACL-DEFAULT
remark DHCP
permit udp any eq bootpc any eq bootps
remark DNS
permit udp any any eq domain
remark PING
permit icmp any any
remark TFTP
permit udp any any eq tftp
remark Drop ALL
deny ip any any log

ip access-list extended Web-Redirect
deny udp any any eq domain
deny udp eq bootpc any eq bootps
deny tcp any any eq 8905
deny udp any any eq 8905
deny tcp any any eq 8909
deny udp any any eq 8909
deny tcp any any eq 8443
permit ip any any

ip http server
ip http secure-server

查了下文档,教主的课件有个端口8906其实已经不需要了。
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/security/identity-services-engine/116143-config-cise-posture-00.html
UDP/TCP 8905: Used for posture communication between NAC Agent and ISE
UDP/TCP 8909: Used for client provisioning.
TCP 8443: Used for guest and posture discovery.

access port
int gi 1/0/22
switchport mode access
switchport access vlan 10
spanning-tree portfast
device-tracking //3850/3650平台需要在接口下有这条命令,以前肯定没有
ip access-group ACL-DEFAULT in //默认放行的ACL,和authentication open一起使用
authentication open //认证不通都能打开物理接口,但是无授权流量由默认ACL控制
authentication event fail action next-method
authentication event server dead action authorize vlan 999
authentication event server alive action reinitialize
authentication host-mode multi-auth
authentication order dot1x mab
authenticatino priority dot1x mab
authentication port-control auto
authentication violation restrict
mab
dot1x pae authenticator

二 MAB和802.1x概念
抄几段话:

  • MAB is the authentication deployed when endpoint doesn't support 802.1x
  • MAB uses PAP/ASCII or optionally EAP-MD5 to has the password. But the radius is clear text and username is the MAC address

官方有一份讲MAB非常详细的文档,我截取些关键点
High level MAB authentication sequence,可以看出认证过程就是交换机发送request identity多达3次,当802.1x timeout之后开始进行mab地址认证
-802.1X 有线/无线 Guest service
-一个典型的MAB包,注意service-type=call-check NAS-Port-Type=Ethernet 注意username是明文的,所以实际上很好欺骗的
802.1X 有线/无线 Guest service
-ISE端默认的MAB匹配条件
802.1X 有线/无线 Guest service

记住在ISE中,所有的endpoint不管你是否得到授权,MAC地址都是可以被ISE记录下来的。以后会有profiling将这些终端进行分组,我们就可以根据这个组来进行授权了。

三 802.1x

先说几种认证方式,EAP-MD5(不详细讲了,生产环境不部署,考试也不考),PEAP(MS-CHAPv2),EAP-TLS,EAP-FAST

首先说下EAP,extensible authentication protocol,国外有个印度无线大神,他的blog写的非常的好。我直接借用他的

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Configuring Wireless Access Points 159 IP Address 159 SSID 160 Radio Settings 161 Transmit Power 161 RF Channel 163 Data Rates 164 Preamble 165 Beacon Period 165 Fragmentation 165 Authenticator Management 167 Authenticator Administrative Interface 167 Terminal Connection 167 Web Browser Interface 168 SNMP 169 Administrator Access Control 169 Authenticator MIB 169 Chapter 8 Configuring Authentication Servers 171 Authentication Server Recap 171 Choosing RADIUS Servers 172 Commercial RADIUS Servers 172 Open-Source RADIUS Servers 173 Outsourcing RADIUS Functionality 173 Installing RADIUS Software 174 Review Release Notes 174 Establish a Server 175 System Requirements 175 Physical Location 175 Verify Network Connections 176 Configure Administrator Account Access 176 Security Tips 182 Install the Software 183 Common RADIUS Configuration Parameters 184 Accessing RADIUS Configuration 184 Configuring RADIUS Clients and Users 186 Configuring RADIUS Clients 186 Configuring RADIUS Users 187 Configuring User Profiles 188 Authentication Methods 188 Native User Authentication 188 Pass-Through Authentication 189 Proxy RADIUS Authentication 189 Concurrent Connections 189 Shared Secret 190 Replication 191 xvi Contents 68608ftoc.qxd:Layout 1 2/18/08 9:55 PM Page xvi Chapter 9 Troubleshooting 193 Troubleshooting Approaches 193 Gather Information 194 Find the Root Problem (and Fix It) 195 Test Tools 195 Viewing System Configuration 195 Viewing System Statistics 196 Debugging Processes 197 Viewing Wireless Communications 197 Signal Tester 197 Spectrum Analyzer 199 Packet Analyzer 199 Network Connectivity Issues 200 Network Interface Problems 200 Faulty Client Cards 201 Wireless Coverage Holes 202 RF Interference 203 Infrastructure Problems 203 Supplicant Issues 204 Missing Supplicant 204 Missing Supplicant Behavior 205 Peripheral Devices 206 Hubs 207 Bad Credentials 209 Bad Credentials Behavior 210 Incorrect EAP-Method 211 Authenticator Issues 212 No 802.1X Support 212 802.1X No

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