【Linux】多线程利用条件变量打印AB，ABC，奇偶数

多线程利用条件变量打印AB，ABC，奇偶数

1、条件变量

条件变量是多线程同步的一种方式。

2、两个线程打印ABAB

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>

using namespace std;

#define NUM_THREADS     2

pthread_cond_t Aready = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;  // A是否ready的条件
pthread_cond_t Bready = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;  // B是否ready的条件
pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
string nextchar = "A";

void* printerA(void*)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        while (nextchar != "A") {
            pthread_cond_wait(&Aready, &mutex);
        }
        cout << nextchar;
        nextchar = "B";
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
        pthread_cond_signal(&Bready);
    }
    pthread_exit((void*) 1);
}

void* printerB(void*)
{
    for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        while (nextchar != "B") {
            pthread_cond_wait(&Bready, &mutex);
        }
        cout << nextchar;
        nextchar = "A";
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
        pthread_cond_signal(&Aready);

    }
    pthread_exit((void*) 2);
}

int main ()
{
   int rc;
   int i;
   pthread_t threads[NUM_THREADS];
   pthread_attr_t attr;
   void *status;


   // 初始化并设置线程为可连接的（joinable）
   pthread_attr_init(&attr);
   pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE);

   pthread_create(&threads[0], NULL, printerA, NULL);
   pthread_create(&threads[1], NULL, printerB, NULL);

   // 删除属性，并等待其他线程
   pthread_attr_destroy(&attr);
   for( i=0; i < NUM_THREADS; i++ ){
      rc = pthread_join(threads[i], &status);
      if (rc){
         cout << "Error:unable to join," << rc << endl;
         exit(-1);
      }
      cout << "Main: completed thread id :" << i ;
      cout << "  exiting with status :" << status << endl;
   }

   cout << "Main: program exiting." << endl;
   pthread_exit(NULL);
}