PostThreadMessage的原型是这样的
BOOL PostThreadMessage( DWORD idThread,
UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam,
LPARAM lParam
);
PostThreadMessage可以用于线程之间的异步通讯,因为它不用等待调用者返回,
这也许是线程通讯中最简单的一种方法了。
但是要注意以下问题
1 .PostThreadMessage有时会失败,报1444错误(Invalid thread identifier. )
其实这不一定是线程不存在的原因,也有可能是线程不存在消息队列(message queue)造成的。
事实上,并不是每个thread都有message queue,那如何让thread具有呢?
答案是,至少调用message相关的function一次,比如GetMessage,PeekMessage。
2.如果是post动态分配的memory给另外一个thread,要注意内存的正确释放。
3.PostThreadMessage不能够post WM_COPYDATE之类的同步消息,否则会报错
4.最好不要使用PostThreadMessage post message给一个窗口,使用PostMessage替代。
下面是我写的一个比较严整的例子,仅供参考。
#include
<
windows.h
>
#include < cstdio >
#include < process.h >
#define MY_MSG WM_USER+100
const int MAX_INFO_SIZE = 20 ;
HANDLE hStartEvent; // thread start event
// thread function
unsigned __stdcall fun( void * param)
{
printf( " thread fun start
/n
"
);
MSG msg;
PeekMessage( & msg, NULL, WM_USER, WM_USER, PM_NOREMOVE);
if ( ! SetEvent(hStartEvent)) // set thread start event
{
printf( " set start event failed,errno:%d/n " ,::GetLastError());
return 1 ;
}
while ( true )
{
if (GetMessage( & msg, 0 , 0 , 0 )) // get msg from message queue
{
switch (msg.message)
{
case MY_MSG:
char * pInfo = ( char * )msg.wParam;
printf( " recv %s/n " ,pInfo);
delete[] pInfo;
break ;
}
}
};
return 0 ;
}
int main()
{
HANDLE hThread;
unsigned nThreadID;
hStartEvent = ::CreateEvent( 0 ,FALSE,FALSE, 0 ); // create thread start event
if (hStartEvent == 0 )
{
printf( " create start event failed,errno:%d/n " ,::GetLastError());
return 1 ;
}
// start thread
hThread = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex( NULL, 0 , & fun, NULL, 0 , & nThreadID );
if (hThread == 0 )
{
printf( " start thread failed,errno:%d/n " ,::GetLastError());
CloseHandle(hStartEvent);
return 1 ;
}
// wait thread start event to avoid PostThreadMessage return errno:1444
::WaitForSingleObject(hStartEvent,INFINITE);
CloseHandle(hStartEvent);
int count = 0 ;
while ( true )
{
char * pInfo = new char [MAX_INFO_SIZE]; // create dynamic msg
sprintf(pInfo, " msg_%d " , ++ count);
if ( ! PostThreadMessage(nThreadID,MY_MSG,(WPARAM)pInfo, 0 )) // post thread msg
{
printf( " post message failed,errno:%d/n " ,::GetLastError());
delete[] pInfo;
}
::Sleep( 1000 );
}
CloseHandle(hThread);
return 0 ;
}
#include < cstdio >
#include < process.h >
#define MY_MSG WM_USER+100
const int MAX_INFO_SIZE = 20 ;
HANDLE hStartEvent; // thread start event
// thread function
unsigned __stdcall fun( void * param)
{
printf( " thread fun start
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/918e8df969f9f8c8d002f25cda86cade.gif)
MSG msg;
PeekMessage( & msg, NULL, WM_USER, WM_USER, PM_NOREMOVE);
if ( ! SetEvent(hStartEvent)) // set thread start event
{
printf( " set start event failed,errno:%d/n " ,::GetLastError());
return 1 ;
}
while ( true )
{
if (GetMessage( & msg, 0 , 0 , 0 )) // get msg from message queue
{
switch (msg.message)
{
case MY_MSG:
char * pInfo = ( char * )msg.wParam;
printf( " recv %s/n " ,pInfo);
delete[] pInfo;
break ;
}
}
};
return 0 ;
}
int main()
{
HANDLE hThread;
unsigned nThreadID;
hStartEvent = ::CreateEvent( 0 ,FALSE,FALSE, 0 ); // create thread start event
if (hStartEvent == 0 )
{
printf( " create start event failed,errno:%d/n " ,::GetLastError());
return 1 ;
}
// start thread
hThread = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex( NULL, 0 , & fun, NULL, 0 , & nThreadID );
if (hThread == 0 )
{
printf( " start thread failed,errno:%d/n " ,::GetLastError());
CloseHandle(hStartEvent);
return 1 ;
}
// wait thread start event to avoid PostThreadMessage return errno:1444
::WaitForSingleObject(hStartEvent,INFINITE);
CloseHandle(hStartEvent);
int count = 0 ;
while ( true )
{
char * pInfo = new char [MAX_INFO_SIZE]; // create dynamic msg
sprintf(pInfo, " msg_%d " , ++ count);
if ( ! PostThreadMessage(nThreadID,MY_MSG,(WPARAM)pInfo, 0 )) // post thread msg
{
printf( " post message failed,errno:%d/n " ,::GetLastError());
delete[] pInfo;
}
::Sleep( 1000 );
}
CloseHandle(hThread);
return 0 ;
}