1.反射概述
反射库是个强大的工具库,大量用于javaBean中。能够分析类能力的程序都被称为反射。
作用有:
1.分析类的结构。(后面实现了一个类结构分析器)
2.在运行时查看对象。(不管是公共还是私有的)后面实现了一个超级攻击类,万能toString()
3.实现数组的操作代码
4.利用method对象,很像C++的函数指针。(可以调用类似于单例模式的私有化的构造器)
2.利用反射分析类的能力
利用反射,分析类的构造器,私有变量,方法等。
/**
* 源码结构查看器(这里只实现了查看构造函数= =!)
* java.lang.Double
* java.io.FileInputStream
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String className = scanner.next();
String tmpString = "";
Class c = Class.forName(className);
Class[] interfaces = c.getInterfaces();
Class cp = c.getSuperclass();
System.out.println("public class "+className+" extends "+cp.toString()+" implements ");
for(Class tmp:interfaces){
tmpString+=tmp.toString()+" ";
}
System.out.println(tmpString);
System.out.println("{");
Constructor[] cons = c.getConstructors();
tmpString = "";
//输出构造函数
for(Constructor tmp:cons){
String modi = Modifier.toString(tmp.getModifiers());
for(Class pt:tmp.getParameterTypes()){
tmpString+=pt.toString()+",";
}
tmpString = tmpString.replace("class ", "");
System.out.println(" "+modi+" "+tmp.getName()+"("+tmpString.substring(0, tmpString.length()-1)+")");
}
//
System.out.println("}");
}
3.运行时使用反射分析对象
利用反射可以访问类的私有变量
Field.setAccessible(true);
这个方法是Accessible的一个方法,这是Field, Method ,Constructor的超类
public class SuperToStringUtils {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Student c = new Student(1001,"隔壁老王","软件工程");
System.out.println(SuperToStringUtils.toString(c));
}
public static <T> String toString(Object c) throws Exception{
String out = "";
Class cl = c.getClass();
Field[] fields = cl.getDeclaredFields() ;
if(cl==String.class)
return (String) c;
for(Field f:fields){
f.setAccessible(true);
out+="属性"+f.getName()+"的值为:"+f.get(c)+" ";
}
return out;
}
}
class Student{
private int id;
private String name;
private String classname;
private java.io.File File = new java.io.File("./file.tmp");
private Date date = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
public Student(int id, String name, String classname) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.classname = classname;
}
public Student() {
super();
}
}
4.调用私有的方法或者构造函数
下面举一个单例模式中的一个问题,哪种单例的实现形式是绝对的单例
public class NotSingletion {
/**
* 由此可见~~单例模式也不是绝对的,除了第三个用枚举类实现的,老夫真的没辙了
* @param args
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Constructor constructor = (Constructor<SingletionA>) SingletionA.class.getDeclaredConstructors()[0];
constructor.setAccessible(true);
System.out.println("No1 Instance:"+SingletionA.getInstance());
System.out.println("No2 Instance:"+constructor.newInstance());
System.out.println("No3 Instance:"+constructor.newInstance());
System.out.println("==========================================");
constructor = (Constructor<SingletionB>) SingletionB.class.getDeclaredConstructors()[0];
constructor.setAccessible(true);
System.out.println("No1 Instance:"+SingletionA.getInstance());
System.out.println("No2 Instance:"+constructor.newInstance());
System.out.println("No3 Instance:"+constructor.newInstance());
System.out.println("==========================================");
constructor = (Constructor<SingletionC>) SingletionC.class.getDeclaredConstructors()[0];
constructor.setAccessible(true);
System.out.println("No1 Instance:"+SingletionA.getInstance());
System.out.println("No2 Instance:"+constructor.newInstance());
System.out.println("No3 Instance:"+constructor.newInstance());
}
}
class SingletionA{
private SingletionA(){
}
private static class lazyHolder{
private static SingletionA init = new SingletionA();
}
public static SingletionA getInstance(){
return lazyHolder.init;
}
}
class SingletionB{
private static SingletionB singletion = new SingletionB();
private SingletionB(){
}
public static SingletionB getInstance(){
if(singletion==null){
synchronized(SingletionB.class) {
singletion = new SingletionB();
}
}
return singletion;
}
}
enum SingletionC{
instance{
public void doing(){
System.out.println("123456");
}
};
public abstract void doing();
}
No1 Instance:day20150730.SingletionA@2f9ee1ac
No2 Instance:day20150730.SingletionA@3fbefab0
No3 Instance:day20150730.SingletionA@133c5982
==========================================
No1 Instance:day20150730.SingletionA@2f9ee1ac
No2 Instance:day20150730.SingletionB@3d4b7453
No3 Instance:day20150730.SingletionB@24c21495
==========================================
No1 Instance:day20150730.SingletionA@2f9ee1ac
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Cannot reflectively create enum objects
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:511)
at day20150730.NotSingletion.main(NotSingletion.java:25)
A ,B两种方法都弄出来了不同的实例,第三个没有构造器,所以没办法弄出别的实例来