1.首先是前端:需要在页面有个img标签来接收后台返回的验证码图片
在页面中加入img标签:<img id="checkImg">,并添加id以便获取验证码图片
我这边是页面一加载就加载了验证码,所以我在js文件里是这样写的:
$(document).ready(function () {
//这里在url中加时间是因为让url变化
$("#checkImg").attr("src","getCheckNumber?time="+new Date().getTime());
})
2.然后是后台代码:
2.1在controller中添加返回方法
//获取验证码
@RequestMapping(value = "getCheckNumber", produces = {"text/html;charset=UTF-8"})
public void getCheckNumber(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
//创建对象
CheckNumber checkNumber = new CheckNumber();
//获取图片对象
BufferedImage image = checkNumber.getImage();
//获得图片的文本内容
String text = checkNumber.getText();
// 将系统生成的文本内容保存到session中(这里是因为我用的shiro框架,所以使用shiro的session,如果项目没用shiro就用HttpServletRequest来获取session,把验证码文本存入session)
SecurityUtils.getSubject().getSession().setAttribute("checkNumber",text);
//把图片返回前端
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
}
2.2建立一个工具类,专门创建验证码图片
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;
/**
* 生成登陆验证码的类
*/
public class CheckNumber {
private int w = 70;//验证码图片宽
private int h = 35;//验证码图片高
private Random r = new Random();//随机对象
// {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "华文新魏", "华文隶书", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"}
private String[] fontNames = {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"};
// 可选字符
private String codes = "0123456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyz";
// 背景色
private Color bgColor = new Color(255, 255, 255);
// 验证码上的文本
private String text ;
// 生成随机的颜色
private Color randomColor () {
int red = r.nextInt(150);
int green = r.nextInt(150);
int blue = r.nextInt(150);
return new Color(red, green, blue);
}
// 生成随机的字体
private Font randomFont () {
int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
String fontName = fontNames[index];//生成随机的字体名称
int style = r.nextInt(4);//生成随机的样式, 0(无样式), 1(粗体), 2(斜体), 3(粗体+斜体)
int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24; //生成随机字号, 24 ~ 28
//Font对象的参数:1.字体名称2.字体样式3.字体大小
return new Font(fontName, style, size);
}
// 传入一个BufferImage对象,给图片画干扰线
private void drawLine (BufferedImage image) {
int num = 3;//一共画3条
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
for(int i = 0; i < num; i++) {//生成两个点的坐标,即4个值
int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
int y2 = r.nextInt(h);
g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F));
g2.setColor(Color.BLUE); //干扰线是蓝色
g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);//画线
}
}
// 随机生成一个字符
private char randomChar () {
int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
return codes.charAt(index);
}
// 创建BufferedImage
private BufferedImage createImage () {
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
g2.setColor(this.bgColor);
g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
return image;
}
// 调用这个方法得到验证码
public BufferedImage getImage () {
BufferedImage image = createImage();//创建图片缓冲区
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();//得到绘制环境
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();//用来装载生成的验证码文本
// 向图片中画4个字符
for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {//循环四次,每次生成一个字符
String s = randomChar() + "";//随机生成一个字母
sb.append(s); //把字母添加到sb中
float x = i * 1.0F * w / 4; //设置当前字符的x轴坐标
g2.setFont(randomFont()); //设置随机字体
g2.setColor(randomColor()); //设置随机颜色
g2.drawString(s, x, h-5); //画图
}
this.text = sb.toString(); //把生成的字符串赋给了this.text
drawLine(image); //添加干扰线
return image;
}
// 返回验证码图片上的文本
public String getText () {
return text;
}
// 保存图片到指定的输出流
public static void output (BufferedImage image, OutputStream out)
throws IOException {
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
}
}