python 小习题

1、l=[1,1,6,3,1,5,2]
去重，至少两种方法
1.

l = [1, 1, 6, 3, 1, 5, 2]
l = set(l)

2.

l = [1, 1, 6, 3, 1, 5, 2]
k = []

for i in l:
    if i not in k:
        k.append(i)
print(k)

2、实现字符串反转 输入str=”string”输出’gnirts’
三种方法
1.

str1 = "string"

list1 = list(str1)
list1.reverse()
str2 = ''.join(list1)
print(str2)

2.

str1="string"

print(str1[::-1])

3.

str1="string"

l = list(str1)
result = ""
while len(l)>0:
    result += l.pop()

print(result)

3、一行代码实现对列表a中的偶数位置的元素进行加3后求和

b = reduce(lambda x,y: x + y, [i + 3 for i in a if i % 2 == 0])

4、List = [-2, 1, 3, -6]，如何实现以绝对值大小从小到大将 List 中内容排序

List = [-2, 1, 3, -6]
List.sort(key=abs)
print(List)

5、list 对象 alist [{‘name’:’a’,’age’:20},{‘name’:’b’,’age’:30},{‘name’:’c’,’age’:25}]， 请按 alist 中元素的age 由大到小排序；

alist = [{'name': 'a', 'age': 20}, {'name': 'b', 'age': 30}, {'name': 'c', 'age': 25}]
alist.sort(key= lambda a: a['age'])
print(alist)

6、将字符串：”k:1|k1:2|k2:3|k3:4”，处理成 python 字典：{‘k’:’1’, ‘k1’:’2’, ‘k2’:’3’,’k3’:’4’ }

str1 = "k:1|k1:2|k2:3|k3:4"
list1 = str1.split('|')
list2 = []
dict1 = {}
for i in list1:
    list2 = i.split(':')
    dict1.update({str(list2[0]): str(list2[1])})
print(dict1)

7、定义一个列表的操作类：Listinfo

包括的方法:

1 列表元素添加: add_key(keyname) [keyname:字符串或者整数类型]
2 列表元素取值：get_key(num) [num:整数类型]
3 列表合并：update_list(list) [list:列表类型]
4 删除并且返回最后一个元素：del_key()

class Listinfo():
    def __init__(self, list):
        self.list1 = list

    def add_key(self, keyname):
        if isinstance(keyname, (str, int)):
            self.list1.append(keyname)
            return self.list1
        else:
            return 'error'

    def get_key(self, num):
        if num >= 0 and num < len(self.list1):
            return self.list1[num]
        else:
            return 'error'

    def update_list(self, list2):
        self.list1.extend(list2)
        return self.list1

    def del_key(self):
        if len(self.list1) >= 0:
            return self.list1.pop(-1)
        else:
            return 'error'

8、写单例，至少两种形式
new

class Singleton():
    __A = None  
    __has_init = False  

    def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
        if cls.__A is None:   
            cls.__A = super().__new__(cls)
        return cls.__A

装饰器

def Singleton(cls):
    _instance = {}

    def _singleton(*args, **kargs):
        if cls not in _instance:
            _instance[cls] = cls(*args, **kargs)
        return _instance[cls]

    return _singleton

@Singleton
class A(object):
    a = 1

    def __init__(self, x=0):
        self.x = x