http://sds07s7.blogbus.com/logs/62536662.html
最近涉及的东西很多关联到office的应用,而自从vbs转移到powershell作为主要的脚本之后,使用Powershell操作office对自己来说已经有很大的需求。
下面把自己收集到的一些资源总结一下 (个人记性不好,只能作记录) Excel 部分
翻译的OldDog的Excel Powershell Cookbook
如何创建一个Excel 应用程序对象?
$xl = new-object -comobject excel.application
脚本小子Scripting Guys 有一个栏目专门介绍office powershell的
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默认创建的Excel 应用程序对象是在后台的,它默认不显示程序的主窗口出来,如何让它显示出来?
$xl.Visible = $true
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创建一个Excel 文件,也就是我们的Excel 文档(题外话:Excel 应用程序可以打开多个workbook,workbook 包含多个sheet,sheel包含多个cell
$wb = $xl.Workbooks.Add()
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添加一个工作薄worksheet?
$xl = new-object -comobject excel.application
$xl.Visible = $true
#打开ado_object_models.xls Excel 文档
$wb = $xl.Workbooks.Open("C:/Scripts/ado_object_model.xl s")
#添加一个工作薄
$ws = $xl.Sheets.Add()
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如何激活一个工作薄? 也就是如何选中某个工作簿让其处于我们可以操作的状态。
# 创建Excel 应用程序对象
$xl = new-object -comobject Excel.Application
# 显示Excel 软件的主界面窗口
$xl.visible = $true
# 打开一个Excel文档
$wb = $xl.workbooks.open("C:/Scripts/PowerShell/test.xls ")
# 获取Excel 文档的工作薄
$ws1 = $wb.worksheets | where {$_.name -eq "sheet1"} #<------- Selects sheet 1
$ws2 = $wb.worksheets | where {$_.name -eq "sheet2"} #<------- Selects sheet 2
$ws3 = $wb.worksheets | where {$_.name -eq "sheet3"} #<------- Selects sheet 3
# 激活sheet1
$ws1.activate()
Start-Sleep 1
# 激活 sheet 2
$ws2.activate()
Start-Sleep 1
# 激活 sheet 3
$ws3.activate()
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如何更改活动单元格的值?(活动单元格,也就是当前处于选中状态,我们可以对其进行操作的单元格)
$xl.ActiveCell.Value2 = "x"
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如何更改某个具体单元格的值?
$xl.activesheet.cells.item(2,1).value2=”y”
$xl.cells.item(2,1).value2=”y”
$xl.ActiveSheet.Range("B1").Value2 = "y"
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如何获得excel文档的名称?
$wb.Name
$xl.activeWorkBook.name
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如何通过行号,列号来枚举相应的所有单元格的值?
$xl = new-object -comobject excel.application
$xl.Visible = $true
$wb = $xl.Workbooks.Add()
$ws = $wb.Worksheets.Item(1)
#设置前11行,每行第一个单元格的值为1--〉11
for ($row = 1; $row -lt 11; $row++)
{
$ws.Cells.Item($row,1) = $row
}
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如何列举某个文件夹下的所有文件,然后把列表导入Excel?
$xl = new-object -comobject excel.application
$xl.Visible = $true
$wb = $xl.Workbooks.Add()
$ws = $wb.Worksheets.Item(1)
$row = 1
#获取当前文件夹下的所有文件以及文件夹对象
$s = dir
$s | foreach -process `
{ `
#输出每个文件或者文件夹的名称到Excel
$ws.Cells.Item($row,1) = $_; `
$row++ `
}
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获取当前的系统进程列表然后输出到Excel?
#下面函数用来释放Excel的应用程序的对象,否则你使用Excel对象的quit()方法之后,虽然关闭了Excel的界面窗口,但是相应的Excel进程还在进程列表里面,而且没有释放其占有的内存和资源,使用下面函数将释放Com对象,并且调用.net的垃圾收集器进行资源回收。以后的office Powershell中会经常使用该函数用来释放office的application 对象。
function Release-Ref ($ref) {
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReleaseC omObject($ref)
[System.GC]::Collect()
[System.GC]::WaitForPendingFinalizers()
}
# -------------------------------------------------- ---
$xl = New-Object -comobject Excel.Application
$xl.Visible = $True
$wb = $xl.Workbooks.Add()
$ws = $wb.Worksheets.Item(1)
$range = $ws.Cells.Item(1,1)
$row = 1
#获取进程列表,并且获取进程名称
$s = Get-Process | Select-Object name
$s | foreach -process {
$range = $ws.Cells.Item($row,1);
$range.value2 = $_.Name;
$row++ }
#下面这句用来关闭office中的一些提示确认框,否则会弹出一些对话框让你确认
$xl.DisplayAlerts = $False
#使用excel应用程序的Saveas来保存更改后的文档
$wb.SaveAs("C:/Scripts/Get_Process.xls")
#注销释放$range对象
Release-Ref $range
#powershell的官方blog上多加了一步操作,也就是remove-variable $range,以前以为没有什么作用,后面发现如果不执行该项操作,该变量名称会停留在variable:/下面,如果执行dir variable:/ 会报错误
remove-variable $range
Release-Ref $ws
remove-variable $ws
Release-Ref $wb
remove-variable $wb
$xl.Quit()
Release-Ref $xl
remove-variable $xl
***如果是针对远程计算机操作,尝试下面的,当然首先你需要配置Wsman
$strComputer = (remote machine name)
$P = gwmi win32_process -comp $strComputer
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如何打开一个Excel 文件? #an existing Workbook
$xl.Workbooks.Open("C:/Scripts/ado_object_model.xl s") __________________________________________________ ______________________ 如何创建一个新的Excel文件 workbook?
$xl = new-object -comobject excel.application
$xl.Visible = $true
$wb = $xl.Workbooks.Add()
$xl.ActiveCell.Value2 = "x"
$xl.ActiveSheet.Range("B1").Value2 = "y"
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如何到处Powershell的命令输入历史到 Excel?
function Release-Ref ($ref) {
([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::Release ComObject([System.__ComObject]
$ref) -gt 0)
[System.GC]::Collect()
[System.GC]::WaitForPendingFinalizers()
}
# -------------------------------------------------- ---
$xl = New-Object -comobject Excel.Application
$xl.Visible = $True
$wb = $excel.Workbooks.Add()
$ws = $workbook.Worksheets.Item(1)
$range = $worksheet.Cells.Item(1,1)
$row = 1
$s = Get-History | foreach -process { `
$range = $worksheet.Cells.Item($row,1); `
#下面的Value2可以输入字符串,否则你用value属性会报错。
$range.value2 = $_.CommandLine; `
$row++ }
$xl.DisplayAlerts = $False
$wb.SaveAs("C:/Scripts/Get_CommandLine.xls")
Release-Ref $range
Release-Ref $ws
Release-Ref $wb
$xl.Quit()
Release-Ref $xl
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如何转换"~" 分隔的文本文件到Microsoft Excel?
# Script name: ConvertTilde.ps1
# Created width=504 height=346 TYPE="audio/mpeg">
$comments = @'
Script name: Add-Validation.ps1
Created
$range4.font.italic="$true"
$range4.font.bold=$True
$range4.font.size=10
$range4.font.name="comic Sans MS" # now format a Range of cells $ws.Range("D1:F5").NumberFormat = "#,##0.00" __________________________________________________ ____________________ 向Excel 单元格添加注释(Comment)
$xll = New-Object -com Excel.Application
$xl.visible = $True
$wb = $xl.Workbooks.Add()
$ws = $wb.Worksheets.Item(1)
$ws.Cells.Item(1,1) = “A value in cell A1.”
[void]$ws.Range("A1").AddComment()
[void]$ws.Range("A1").comment.Visible = $False
[void]$ws.Range("A1").Comment.text("OldDog: `r this is a comment")
[void]$ws.Range("A2").Select
#The 'r adds a line feed after the comment's author. This is required!
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如何进行选择性复制和粘贴?
$xlPasteValues = -4163 # Values only, not formulas
$xlCellTypeLastCell = 11 # to find last used cell
$used = $ws.usedRange
$lastCell = $used.SpecialCells($xlCellTypeLastCell)
$row = $lastCell.row
$range = $ws.UsedRange
[void]$ws.Range("A8:F$row").Copy()
[void]$ws.Range("A8").PasteSpecial(-4163)
关于Excel powershell的 其他的一些 经验和总结,其实看powershell office的代码和普通的Vba代码没有太大的区别,偶尔可能因为语法的不同有所出入,但是函数和属性都是相同的,因此在我们不知道powershell如何写的时候,可以使用word ,Excel中的录制宏功能,录制下vba代码看看,还有如果想了解office对象可用的属性和方法,那么office本身带的对象浏览器(在VBa编辑器的环境中按F2即可调出)也非常有用,你可以查看一些常量的值,然后你在powershell中定义这些常量。
Office Powershell Cookbook (Office powershell 常见操作)
最新推荐文章于 2024-09-15 07:06:18 发布