线程池实现爬虫
1 线程池使用方法介绍
- 实例化线程池对象
from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool
pool = Pool(process=5)
- 把从发送请求,提取数据,到保存合并成一个函数,交给线程池异步执行
使用方法pool.apply_async(func)
def exetute_requests_item_save(self):
url = self.queue.get()
html_str = self.parse_url(url)
content_list = self.get_content_list(html_str)
self.save_content_list(content_list)
self.total_response_num +=1
pool.apply_async(self.exetute_requests_item_save)
- 添加回调函数
通过apply_async
的方法能够让函数异步执行,但是只能够执行一次
为了让其能够被反复执行,通过添加回调函数的方式能够让_callback 递归的调用自己
同时需要指定递归退出的条件
def _callback(self,temp):
if self.is_running:
pool.apply_async(self.exetute_requests_item_save,callback=self._callback)
pool.apply_async(self.exetute_requests_item_save,callback=self._callback)
- 确定程序结束的条件 程序在获取的响应和url数量相同的时候可以结束
while True:
time.sleep(0.0001)
if self.total_response_num>=self.total_requests_num:
self.is_running= False
break
self.pool.close()
2 使用线程池实现爬虫的具体实现案例
import requests
from lxml import etree
from queue import Queue
from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool
import time
class QiubaiSpider:
def __init__(self):
self.url_temp = "https://www.qiushibaike.com/8hr/page/{}/"
self.headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X \
10_13_3) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.186 Safari/537.36"}
self.queue = Queue()
self.pool = Pool(5)
self.is_running = True
self.total_requests_num = 0
self.total_response_num = 0
def get_url_list(self):
for i in range(1, 14):
self.queue.put(self.url_temp.format(i))
self.total_requests_num += 1
def parse_url(self, url):
return requests.get(url, headers=self.headers).content.decode()
def get_content_list(self, html_str):
html = etree.HTML(html_str)
div_list = html.xpath("//div[@id='content-left']/div")
content_list = []
for div in div_list:
content = {}
content["content"] = div.xpath(".//div[@class='content']/span/text()")
print(content)
content_list.append(content)
return content_list
def save_content_list(self, content_list):
pass
def exetute_requests_item_save(self):
url = self.queue.get()
html_str = self.parse_url(url)
content_list = self.get_content_list(html_str)
self.save_content_list(content_list)
self.total_response_num += 1
def _callback(self, temp):
if self.is_running:
self.pool.apply_async(self.exetute_requests_item_save, callback=self._callback)
def run(self):
self.get_url_list()
for i in range(2):
self.pool.apply_async(self.exetute_requests_item_save, callback=self._callback)
while True:
time.sleep(0.0001)
if self.total_response_num >= self.total_requests_num:
self.is_running = False
break
if __name__ == '__main__':
qiubai = QiubaiSpider()
qiubai.run()