Hibernate实体关系映射

最新推荐文章于 2018-07-06 15:04:41 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2018-07-06 15:04:41 发布

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上讲几个知识点回顾（2个问题）：
Hibernate.cfg.xml中的hibernate.show_sql是什么意思呢？

对象-关系映射文件中，id节点的子节点generator的class属性值为native时，主键生成方式是什么呢？

几种实体间的关系

一对一关系

一对多关系

多对多关系

一对一关系映射

应用场景：公民  公民身份证

一对一关系映射ER图

应用场景：公民  公民身份证

Citizen类 vs Card类实现

package com.demo.model;

public class Citizen {

   private int id;

   private String name;

   private Integer age;

   /**
   * 身份证（一对一关联）
   */
   private Card card;

    /*省略get与 set 方法*/ }

package com.demo.model;

public class Card {

   private int id;

   private String code;

   private String organization;

   /**
   *所属公民（一对一关联）
   */
   private Citizen citizen;

    /*省略get与set方法。*/ }

映射文件：Citizen.hbm.xml

<hibernate-mapping
>
    <class
        name="com.demo.model.Citizen"
        table="t_citizen"
    >

        <id
            name="id"
            column="id"
            type="integer"
        >
            <generator class="increment">
            </generator>
        </id>

<one-to-one name=“card"
        class="com.demo.model.Card"
        cascade="all“

/>

映射文件：Card.hbm.xml

<class
        name="com.demo.model.Card"
        table="t_card"
    >
        <id
            name="id"
            column="id"
            type="integer"
        >
        <generator
              class="foreign">
        <param
              name="property">citizen
         </param>
        </generator>
        </id>

<one-to-one name=“citizen"
        class="com.demo.model. Citizen"
        constrained="true“
/>

一对一关联测试运行

public void testOneToOneRelation(){

       Citizen citizen = new Citizen();
       citizen.setName("Tom");
       citizen.setAge(20);

       Card card = new Card();
       card.setCode("65280119820612051");
       card.setOrganization("JingLiu area");

       //相互设置关联
       citizen.setCard(card);
       card.setCitizen(citizen);

       //保存（由于citizen的配置中设置了cascade=“all”属性，因此，可以进行级联保存）

       Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
       session.save(citizen); //只需从主控方保存即可
       tx.commit();
}
一对一（惟一外键）关联映射文件

映射文件：Citizen.hbm.xml

<hibernate-mapping
>
    <class
        name="com.demo.model.Citizen"
        table="t_citizen"
    >

        <id
            name="id"
            column="id"
            type="integer"
        >
            <generator class="increment">
            </generator>
        </id>
<many-to-one name=“card"
        class="com.demo.model.Card"
        cascade=“all"
        unique=“true"
        column=“card_id"
/>

映射文件：Card.hbm.xml

<class
        name="com.demo.model.Card"
        table="t_card"
>

        <id
            name="id"
            column="id"
            type="integer"
        >
            <generator class="increment“/>
      </id>

<one-to-one name=“citizen"
        class="com.demo.model.Citizen"
        property-ref=“card"
/>

一对一（惟一外键）关联测试运行

public void testOneToOneRelation(){

       Citizen citizen = new Citizen();
       citizen.setName("Tom");
       citizen.setAge(20);

       Card card = new Card();
       card.setCode("65280119820612051");
       card.setOrganization("JingLiu area");

       //相互设置关联
       citizen.setCard(card);
       card.setCitizen(citizen);

       //保存（由于citizen的配置中设置了cascade=“all”属性，因此，可以进行级联保存）

       Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
       session.save(citizen); //只需从主控方保存即可
       tx.commit();
}

一对多（单向）关系映射

应用场景：用户       用户地址（家庭、公司）

User类 vs Address类的实现

package com.demo.model;
public class User {
   private int id;

   private String name;

      private Integer age;

private Set<Address> addresses = new HashSet<Address>();

/*省略get与set方法。*/

}

package com.demo.model;

public class Address {

   private int id;

   private String address;

   private String phone;

/*省略get与 set 方法*/

}

映射文件User.hbm.xml实现

<class
        name="com.demo.model.User"
        table="t_user"
    >

        <id
            name="id"
            column="id"
            type="integer"
        >
            <generator class="increment">
            </generator>
        </id>
<set name="addresses"
         table="t_address"
         cascade="all"
        >
        <key column="user_id">
        </key>
        <one-to-many class="com.demo.model.Address"/>
</set>

映射文件Address.hbm.xml实现

<class
        name="com.demo.model.Address"
        table="t_address"
>
        <id
            name="id"
            column="id"
            type="integer"
        >
            <generator class="increment">
            </generator>
        </id>

        <property
            name="address"
            type="java.lang.String"
            column="address"
            not-null="true"
        />

        <property
           name="phone"
           type="java.lang.String"
           column="phone"
        />
</class>

一对多（单向）关联的测试

public void testOneToManyRelation(){
       User user;
       user = (User)session.load(User.class, new Integer(1));
       assertEquals("Tom",user.getName());

       Address address = new Address();
       address.setAddress("East RenMin Road 45");
       address.setPhone("13551130670");

       user.getAddresses().add(address);

       //保存地址对象（通过主控对象进行级联更新）

       Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
       session.save(user);
       tx.commit();

   }

一对多（双向）关系映射

应用场景：用户       用户地址（家庭、公司）

在Address类中，加上user属性

package com.demo.model;

public class Address {

   private int id;

   private String address;

   private User user;

/*省略get与 set 方法*/
}

映射文件User.hbm.xml实现

<class
        name="com.demo.model.User"
        table="t_user"
    >
        <id
            name="id"
        >
            <generator class="increment">
            </generator>
        </id>
<set name="addresses"
         table="t_address"
         cascade="all“
        inverse = “true”
        >
        <key column="user_id">
        </key>
        <one-to-many class="com.demo.model.Address"/>
</set>

映射文件Address.hbm.xml实现

<class
        name="com.demo.model. Address"
        table="t_address"
    >

<many-to-one name="user"
         class="com.demo.model.User"
        cascade="none"

         access="property"


       column="user_id"
        not-null="true"
        >
</many-to-one>

一对多（双向）关联测试

public void testOneToManyRelation(){
       User user;
       user = (User)session.load(User.class, new Integer(1));
       assertEquals("Tom",user.getName());

       Address address = new Address();
       address.setAddress("East RenMin Road 45");
       address.setPhone("13551130670");

       user.getAddresses().add(address);
       address.setUser(user);

       //保存用户对象（级联更新）
       Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
       session.save(user);
       tx.commit();

   }

多对多关系映射

应用场景：用户       用户组

User类 vs Group类的实现

package com.demo.model;

public class User {

   private int id;

   private String name;

   private Set groups;

/*省略get与 set 方法*/
}

package com.demo.model;

public class Group {

   private int id;

   private String code;

   private Set users;

/*省略get与 set 方法*/
}

映射文件User.hbm.xml

<class
        name="com.demo.model. User"
        table="t_user"
    >
<set
            name="groups"
            table="t_user_group"
            lazy="false"
            inverse="false"
            cascade="save-update"
        >
              <key
                  column=“user_id"
              >
              </key>

              <many-to-many
                  class="com.demo.model.Group"
                  column=“group_id"
               />
</set>

映射文件Group.hbm.xml

<class
        name="com.demo.model. Group"
        table="t_group"
    >
<set
            name=“users"
            table="t_user_group"
            lazy="false"
            inverse=“true"
            cascade="save-update"
        >

              <key
                  column=“group_id"
              >
              </key>

              <many-to-many
                  class="com.demo.model.User"
                  column=“user_id"
               />
</set>

多对多测试运行

User user1 = new User("Tom");
User user2 = new User("Jack");

Group group1 = new Group("admin");
Group group2 = new Group("develop");

group1.getUsers().add(user1);
group1.getUsers().add(user2);
group2.getUsers().add(user2);

user1.getGroup().add(group1);
user2.getGroup().add(group1);
user2.getGroup().add(group2);

try {
    Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

//多对多关系必须同时对关联双方进行保存
    session.save(user1);
    session.save(user2);

    session.save(group1);
    session.save(group2);

    tx.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}
}

映射继承关系

Employee.hbm.xml配置

<class name="mypack.Employee" table="EMPLOYEES">
      <id name="id" type="long" column="ID">
        <generator class="increment"/>
      </id>
<discriminator column=“employee_type" type="string" />

<subclass name=" com.demo.model.HourlyEmployee" discriminator-value=“H" >
         <property name="rate" column="RATE" type="double" />
</subclass>

<subclass name=" com.demo.model.SalariedEmployee" discriminator-value=“S" >
         <property name="salary" column="SALARY" type="double" />
</subclass>
</class>

多态查询

Session.find(“from Employee”)

Session.find(“from HourlyEmployee”)

Session.find(“from java.lang.Object”)