一、BroadcastReceiver主要用途有
发送通知，更新UI或者数据，应用程序间相互通信，监听系统状态（比如开机，网络等）
二、BroadcasetReceiver的注册方式
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manifest清单文件中的全局注册
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按照生命周期，在Service或者Activity中使用代码注册
manifest的注册方式
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<receiver android:name="com.sample.test.MyBroadcastReciever">
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<intent-filter>
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<action android:name="com.sample.test.ACTION_DO_SOMETHING">
</action>
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<action android:name="android.intent.ACTION_WIFI_STATE_CHANGED">
</action>
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</intent-filter>
-
</receiver>
使用代码注册
SampleActivity
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private MyReceiver receiver;
-
-
@Override
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public void onStart() {
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super.onStart();
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receiver =
new MyReceiver();
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IntentFilter filter =
new IntentFilter();
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filter.addAction(
"android.intent.action.MY_BROADCAST");
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registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
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}
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@Override
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public void onStop(){
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super.onStop();
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unregisterReceiver(receiver);
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}
Android中发送广播的方式
普通广播：无论优先级大小，将发送给所有监听Action="com.test.sample.action"的广播,内容不可被修改，无传递性。
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Intent intent =
new Intent(
"com.test.sample.action");
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sendBroadcast(intent);
三、广播分类
黏性广播
当处理完之后的Intent ，依然存在，这时候registerReceiver(BroadcastReceiver, IntentFilter) 还能收到他的值，直到你把它去掉 , 无传递性 , 无法终止(abort())广播。
发这个广播需要权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY" />
去掉是用这个方法removeStickyBroadcast(intent); 但别忘了在执行这个方法的应用里面 AndroidManifest.xml 同样要加上面的权限；
有序广播
按照接收者的优先级顺序接收广播 , 优先级别在 intent-filter 中的 priority 中声明 ,-1000 到1000 之间 ，值越大 优先级越高 。可以终止广播意图的继续传播 ， 接收者可以篡改内容，具有传递性。
sendOrderBroadcast(intent);
Android中的BroadcastReceiver可以用来发送信息到另一个广播，这种方式可实现程序或者进程间的通行。
无序广播
所谓无序广播是指、发送广播之后，接收顺序是无序的，发送方式如下。
sendBroadcast(intent);
注意：无序广播在某些情况下还是有序的，比如使用代码注册的的广播优先级高、前台app优先级更高、此外，无序广播的接收顺序和程序安装顺序也有一定的关系。
四、LocalBroadcastManager
上面回顾了一下Android的广播用例，总体来说安全性都不太好，因此只适用于安全性较低的数据传递，或者页面更新。
在android-support-v4.jar中引入了LocalBroadcastManager，称为局部通知管理器，这种通知的好处是安全性高，效率也高，适合局部通信，可以用来代替Handler更新UI
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public
class LocalServiceBroadcasterActivity extends Activity {
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static
final String ACTION_STARTED =
"com.example.android.supportv4.STARTED";
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static
final String ACTION_UPDATE =
"com.example.android.supportv4.UPDATE";
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static
final String ACTION_STOPPED =
"com.example.android.supportv4.STOPPED";
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LocalBroadcastManager mLocalBroadcastManager;
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BroadcastReceiver mReceiver;
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.main);
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final TextView callbackData = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.callback);
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callbackData.setText(
"No broadcast received yet");
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mLocalBroadcastManager = LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(
this);
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IntentFilter filter =
new IntentFilter();
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filter.addAction(ACTION_STARTED);
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filter.addAction(ACTION_UPDATE);
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filter.addAction(ACTION_STOPPED);
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mReceiver =
new BroadcastReceiver() {
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@Override
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public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
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if (intent.getAction().equals(ACTION_STARTED)) {
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callbackData.setText(
"STARTED");
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}
else
if (intent.getAction().equals(ACTION_UPDATE)) {
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callbackData.setText(
"Got update: " + intent.getIntExtra(
"value",
0));
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}
else
if (intent.getAction().equals(ACTION_STOPPED)) {
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callbackData.setText(
"STOPPED");
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}
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}
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};
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mLocalBroadcastManager.registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);
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Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.start);
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button.setOnClickListener(mStartListener);
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button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.stop);
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button.setOnClickListener(mStopListener);
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}
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@Override
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protected void onDestroy() {
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super.onDestroy();
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mLocalBroadcastManager.unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);
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}
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private OnClickListener mStartListener =
new OnClickListener() {
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public void onClick(View v) {
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startService(
new Intent(LocalServiceBroadcasterActivity.
this, LocalService.class));
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}
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};
-
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private OnClickListener mStopListener =
new OnClickListener() {
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public void onClick(View v) {
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stopService(
new Intent(LocalServiceBroadcasterActivity.
this, LocalService.class));
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}
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};
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public
static
class LocalService extends Service {
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LocalBroadcastManager mLocalBroadcastManager;
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int mCurUpdate;
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static
final
int MSG_UPDATE =
1;
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Handler mHandler =
new Handler() {
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@Override
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public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
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switch (msg.what) {
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case MSG_UPDATE: {
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mCurUpdate++;
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Intent intent =
new Intent(ACTION_UPDATE);
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intent.putExtra(
"value", mCurUpdate);
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mLocalBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent);
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Message nmsg = mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_UPDATE);
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mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(nmsg,
1000);
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}
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break;
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default:
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super.handleMessage(msg);
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}
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}
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};
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@Override
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public void onCreate() {
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super.onCreate();
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mLocalBroadcastManager = LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(
this);
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}
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public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
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// Tell any local interested parties about the start.
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mLocalBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(
new Intent(ACTION_STARTED));
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// Prepare to do update reports.
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mHandler.removeMessages(MSG_UPDATE);
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Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_UPDATE);
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mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(msg,
1000);
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return ServiceCompat.START_STICKY;
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}
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@Override
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public void onDestroy() {
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super.onDestroy();
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// Tell any local interested parties about the stop.
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mLocalBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(
new Intent(ACTION_STOPPED));
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// Stop doing updates.
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mHandler.removeMessages(MSG_UPDATE);
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}
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@Override
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public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
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return
null;
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}
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}
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}
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