- Total virtual memory available
- Virtual memory currently used
- Virtual memory currently used by my process
- Total RAM available
- RAM currently used
- RAM currently used by my process
- % CPU currently used
- % CPU currently used by my process
Windows
Some of the above values are easily available from the appropriate WIN32 API, I just list them here for completeness. Others, however, need to be obtained from the Performance Data Helper libary (PDH), which is a bit "unintuitive" and takes a lot of painful trial and error to get to work. (At least it took me quite a while, perhaps I've been only a bit stupid...)
Note: for clarity all error checking has been omitted from the following code. Do check the return codes...!
- Total Virtual Memory:
#include "windows.h"
MEMORYSTATUSEX memInfo;
memInfo.dwLength = sizeof(MEMORYSTATUSEX);
GlobalMemoryStatusEx(&memInfo);
DWORDLONG totalVirtualMem = memInfo.ullTotalPageFile;
Note: The name "TotalPageFile" is a bit misleading here. In reality this parameter gives the "Virtual Memory Size", which is size of swap file plus installed RAM.
- Virtual Memory currently used:
Same code as in "Total Virtual Memory" and then
DWORDLONG virtualMemUsed = memInfo.ullTotalPageFile - memInfo.ullAvailPageFile;
- Virtual Memory currently used by current process:
#include "windows.h"
#include "psapi.h"
PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS_EX pmc;
GetProcessMemoryInfo(GetCurrentProcess(), &pmc, sizeof(pmc));
SIZE_T virtualMemUsedByMe = pmc.PrivateUsage;
- Total Physical Memory (RAM):
Same code as in "Total Virtual Memory" and then
DWORDLONG totalPhysMem = memInfo.ullTotalPhys;
- Physical Memory currently used:
Same code as in "Total Virtual Memory" and then
DWORDLONG physMemUsed = memInfo.ullTotalPhys - memInfo.ullAvailPhys;
- Physical Memory currently used by current process:
Same code as in "Virtual Memory currently used by current process" and then
SIZE_T physMemUsedByMe = pmc.WorkingSetSize;
- CPU currently used:
#include "TCHAR.h"
#include "pdh.h"
static PDH_HQUERY cpuQuery;
static PDH_HCOUNTER cpuTotal;
void init(){
PdhOpenQuery(NULL, NULL, &cpuQuery);
PdhAddCounter(cpuQuery, L"\\Processor(_Total)\\% Processor Time", NULL, &cpuTotal);
PdhCollectQueryData(cpuQuery);
}
double getCurrentValue(){
PDH_FMT_COUNTERVALUE counterVal;
PdhCollectQueryData(cpuQuery);
PdhGetFormattedCounterValue(cpuTotal, PDH_FMT_DOUBLE, NULL, &counterVal);
return counterVal.doubleValue;
}
- CPU currently used by current process:
#include "windows.h"
static ULARGE_INTEGER lastCPU, lastSysCPU, lastUserCPU;
static int numProcessors;
static HANDLE self;
void init(){
SYSTEM_INFO sysInfo;
FILETIME ftime, fsys, fuser;
GetSystemInfo(&sysInfo);
numProcessors = sysInfo.dwNumberOfProcessors;
GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ftime);
memcpy(&lastCPU, &ftime, sizeof(FILETIME));
self = GetCurrentProcess();
GetProcessTimes(self, &ftime, &ftime, &fsys, &fuser);
memcpy(&lastSysCPU, &fsys, sizeof(FILETIME));
memcpy(&lastUserCPU, &fuser, sizeof(FILETIME));
}
double getCurrentValue(){
FILETIME ftime, fsys, fuser;
ULARGE_INTEGER now, sys, user;
double percent;
GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ftime);
memcpy(&now, &ftime, sizeof(FILETIME));
GetProcessTimes(self, &ftime, &ftime, &fsys, &fuser);
memcpy(&sys, &fsys, sizeof(FILETIME));
memcpy(&user, &fuser, sizeof(FILETIME));
percent = (sys.QuadPart - lastSysCPU.QuadPart) +
(user.QuadPart - lastUserCPU.QuadPart);
percent /= (now.QuadPart - lastCPU.QuadPart);
percent /= numProcessors;
lastCPU = now;
lastUserCPU = user;
lastSysCPU = sys;
return percent * 100;
}
Linux
On Linux the choice that seemed obvious at first was to use the POSIX APIs like getrusage() etc. I spent some time trying to get this to work, but never got meaningful values. When I finally checked the kernel sources themselves, I found out that apparently these APIs are not yet completely implemented as of Linux kernel 2.6!?
In the end I got all values via a combination of reading the pseudo-filesystem /proc and kernel calls.
- Total Virtual Memory:
#include "sys/types.h"
#include "sys/sysinfo.h"
struct sysinfo memInfo;
sysinfo (&memInfo);
long long totalVirtualMem = memInfo.totalram;
//Add other values in next statement to avoid int overflow on right hand side...
totalVirtualMem += memInfo.totalswap;
totalVirtualMem *= memInfo.mem_unit;
- Virtual Memory currently used:
Same code as in "Total Virtual Memory" and then
long long virtualMemUsed = memInfo.totalram - memInfo.freeram;
//Add other values in next statement to avoid int overflow on right hand side...
virtualMemUsed += memInfo.totalswap - memInfo.freeswap;
virtualMemUsed *= memInfo.mem_unit;
- Virtual Memory currently used by current process:
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"
int parseLine(char* line){
int i = strlen(line);
while (*line < '0' || *line > '9') line++;
line[i-3] = '\0';
i = atoi(line);
return i;
}
int getValue(){ //Note: this value is in KB!
FILE* file = fopen("/proc/self/status", "r");
int result = -1;
char line[128];
while (fgets(line, 128, file) != NULL){
if (strncmp(line, "VmSize:", 7) == 0){
result = parseLine(line);
break;
}
}
fclose(file);
return result;
}
- Total Physical Memory (RAM):
Same code as in "Total Virtual Memory" and then
long long totalPhysMem = memInfo.totalram;
//Multiply in next statement to avoid int overflow on right hand side...
totalPhysMem *= memInfo.mem_unit;
- Physical Memory currently used:
Same code as in "Total Virtual Memory" and then
long long physMemUsed = memInfo.totalram - memInfo.freeram;
//Multiply in next statement to avoid int overflow on right hand side...
physMemUsed *= memInfo.mem_unit;
- Physical Memory currently used by current process:
Change getValue() in "Virtual Memory currently used by current process" as follows:
int getValue(){ //Note: this value is in KB!
FILE* file = fopen("/proc/self/status", "r");
int result = -1;
char line[128];
while (fgets(line, 128, file) != NULL){
if (strncmp(line, "VmRSS:", 6) == 0){
result = parseLine(line);
break;
}
}
fclose(file);
return result;
}
- CPU currently used:
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"
static unsigned long long lastTotalUser, lastTotalUserLow, lastTotalSys, lastTotalIdle;
void init(){
FILE* file = fopen("/proc/stat", "r");
fscanf(file, "cpu %Ld %Ld %Ld %Ld", &lastTotalUser, &lastTotalUserLow,
&lastTotalSys, &lastTotalIdle);
fclose(file);
}
double getCurrentValue(){
double percent;
FILE* file;
unsigned long long totalUser, totalUserLow, totalSys, totalIdle, total;
file = fopen("/proc/stat", "r");
fscanf(file, "cpu %Ld %Ld %Ld %Ld", &totalUser, &totalUserLow,
&totalSys, &totalIdle);
fclose(file);
if (totalUser < lastTotalUser || totalUserLow < lastTotalUserLow ||
totalSys < lastTotalSys || totalIdle < lastTotalIdle){
//Overflow detection. Just skip this value.
percent = -1.0;
}
else{
total = (totalUser - lastTotalUser) + (totalUserLow - lastTotalUserLow) +
(totalSys - lastTotalSys);
percent = total;
total += (totalIdle - lastTotalIdle);
percent /= total;
percent *= 100;
}
lastTotalUser = totalUser;
lastTotalUserLow = totalUserLow;
lastTotalSys = totalSys;
lastTotalIdle = totalIdle;
return percent;
}
- CPU currently used by current process:
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "sys/times.h"
#include "sys/vtimes.h"
static clock_t lastCPU, lastSysCPU, lastUserCPU;
static int numProcessors;
void init(){
FILE* file;
struct tms timeSample;
char line[128];
lastCPU = times(&timeSample);
lastSysCPU = timeSample.tms_stime;
lastUserCPU = timeSample.tms_utime;
file = fopen("/proc/cpuinfo", "r");
numProcessors = 0;
while(fgets(line, 128, file) != NULL){
if (strncmp(line, "processor", 9) == 0) numProcessors++;
}
fclose(file);
}
double getCurrentValue(){
struct tms timeSample;
clock_t now;
double percent;
now = times(&timeSample);
if (now <= lastCPU || timeSample.tms_stime < lastSysCPU ||
timeSample.tms_utime < lastUserCPU){
//Overflow detection. Just skip this value.
percent = -1.0;
}
else{
percent = (timeSample.tms_stime - lastSysCPU) +
(timeSample.tms_utime - lastUserCPU);
percent /= (now - lastCPU);
percent /= numProcessors;
percent *= 100;
}
lastCPU = now;
lastSysCPU = timeSample.tms_stime;
lastUserCPU = timeSample.tms_utime;
return percent;
}
GlobalMemoryStatus
GlobalMemoryStatus，Win32 API函数。
此函数用来获得当前可用的物理和虚拟内存信息，函数定义为：
| 1 2 3 4 |
|
此函数无返回值，参数是一个指向名为MEMORYSTATUS的结构的指针。函数的返回信息会被存储在MEMORYSTATUS结构中。
此函数用来替代用来支持16位应用程序的GetFreeSpace函数。
2G以上内存建议使用GlobalMemoryStatusEx函数代替（2~4G需要链接器/LARGEADDRESSAWARE选项，4G以上不支持）
应用程序应该在申请内存前调用此函数以防止影响到其他程序运行。
这个函数的返回值是动态的，并且可能返回相同的值。
关于MEMORYSTATUS结构：
结构定义：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 |
|
结构成员的含义：
dwLength
MEMORYSTATUS结构的大小，在调GlobalMemoryStatus函数前用sizeof()函数求得，用来供函数检测结构的版本。
dwMemoryLoad
返回一个介于0～100之间的值，用来指示当前系统内存的使用率。
dwTotalPhys
返回总的物理内存大小，以字节(byte)为单位。
dwAvailPhys
返回可用的物理内存大小，以字节(byte)为单位。
dwTotalPageFile
显示可以存在页面文件中的字节数。注意这个数值并不表示在页面文件在磁盘上的真实物理大小。
dwAvailPageFile
返回可用的页面文件大小，以字节(byte)为单位。
dwTotalVirtual
返回调用进程的用户模式部分的全部可用虚拟地址空间，以字节(byte)为单位。
dwAvailVirtual
返回调用进程的用户模式部分的实际自由可用的虚拟地址空间，以字节(byte)为单位。
MEMORYSTATUS结构，
结构的定义如下：
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