Go 语言 Excel

介绍

xls xlsx区别

xls 是 03 版 Office Microsoft Office Excel 工作表的格式，用 03 版 Office，新建 Excel 默认保存的 Excel 文件格式的后缀是 .xls；

xlsx 是 07 版 Office Microsoft Office Excel 工作表的格式，用 07 版 Office，新建 Excel 默认保存的的 Excel 文件格式后缀是 .xlsx。

xls 是一个特有的二进制格式，其核心结构是复合文档类型的结构，而 xlsx 的核心结构是 XML 类型的结构，采用的是基于 XML 的压缩方式，使其占用的空间更小。xlsx 中最后一个 x 的意义就在于此。

第三方库

Go 操作 Excel 需要引入第三方库，在这里介绍两个开源项目：

360EntSecGroup-Skylar/excelize

github 地址：
https://github.com/360EntSecGroup-Skylar/excelize

获取方式：

go get github.com/360EntSecGroup-Skylar/excelize

tealeg/xlsx

github 地址：
https://github.com/tealeg/xlsx

获取方式：

go get github.com/tealeg/xlsx

360EntSecGroup-Skylar/excelize

创建 XLSX 文件
下面给出实例：

package main

import (
    "fmt"

    "github.com/360EntSecGroup-Skylar/excelize"
)

func main() {
    xlsx := excelize.NewFile()
    // Create a new sheet.
    index := xlsx.NewSheet("Sheet2")
    // Set value of a cell.
    xlsx.SetCellValue("Sheet2", "A2", "Hello world.")
    xlsx.SetCellValue("Sheet1", "B2", 100)
    // Set active sheet of the workbook.
    xlsx.SetActiveSheet(index)
    // Save xlsx file by the given path.
    err := xlsx.SaveAs("./Book1.xlsx")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }
}

读取 XLSX 文件
下面给出一个读取文件实例：

package main

import (
    "fmt"

    "github.com/360EntSecGroup-Skylar/excelize"
)

func main() {
    xlsx, err := excelize.OpenFile("./Book1.xlsx")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    // Get value from cell by given worksheet name and axis.
    cell := xlsx.GetCellValue("Sheet1", "B2")
    fmt.Println(cell)
    // Get all the rows in the Sheet1.
    rows := xlsx.GetRows("Sheet1")
    for _, row := range rows {
        for _, colCell := range row {
            fmt.Print(colCell, "\t")
        }
        fmt.Println()
    }
}

XLSX 文件添加表格

package main

import (
    "fmt"

    "github.com/360EntSecGroup-Skylar/excelize"
)

func main() {
    categories := map[string]string{"A2": "Small", "A3": "Normal", "A4": "Large", "B1": "Apple", "C1": "Orange", "D1": "Pear"}
    values := map[string]int{"B2": 2, "C2": 3, "D2": 3, "B3": 5, "C3": 2, "D3": 4, "B4": 6, "C4": 7, "D4": 8}
    xlsx := excelize.NewFile()
    for k, v := range categories {
        xlsx.SetCellValue("Sheet1", k, v)
    }
    for k, v := range values {
        xlsx.SetCellValue("Sheet1", k, v)
    }
    xlsx.AddChart("Sheet1", "E1", `{"type":"col3DClustered","series":[{"name":"Sheet1!$A$2","categories":"Sheet1!$B$1:$D$1","values":"Sheet1!$B$2:$D$2"},{"name":"Sheet1!$A$3","categories":"Sheet1!$B$1:$D$1","values":"Sheet1!$B$3:$D$3"},{"name":"Sheet1!$A$4","categories":"Sheet1!$B$1:$D$1","values":"Sheet1!$B$4:$D$4"}],"title":{"name":"Fruit 3D Clustered Column Chart"}}`)
    // Save xlsx file by the given path.
    err := xlsx.SaveAs("./Book1.xlsx")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }
}

XLSX 文件添加图片

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    _ "image/gif"
    _ "image/jpeg"
    _ "image/png"

    "github.com/360EntSecGroup-Skylar/excelize"
)

func main() {
    xlsx, err := excelize.OpenFile("./Book1.xlsx")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    // Insert a picture.
    err = xlsx.AddPicture("Sheet1", "A2", "./image1.png", "")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }
    // Insert a picture to worksheet with scaling.
    err = xlsx.AddPicture("Sheet1", "D2", "./image2.jpg", `{"x_scale": 0.5, "y_scale": 0.5}`)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }
    // Insert a picture offset in the cell with printing support.
    err = xlsx.AddPicture("Sheet1", "H2", "./image3.gif", `{"x_offset": 15, "y_offset": 10, "print_obj": true, "lock_aspect_ratio": false, "locked": false}`)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }
    // Save the xlsx file with the origin path.
    err = xlsx.Save()
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }
}

tealeg/xlsx

读取 XLSX 文件

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/tealeg/xlsx"
)

func main() {
    excelFileName := "/home/tealeg/foo.xlsx"
    xlFile, err := xlsx.OpenFile(excelFileName)
    if err != nil {
        ...
    }
    for _, sheet := range xlFile.Sheets {
        for _, row := range sheet.Rows {
            for _, cell := range row.Cells {
                text := cell.String()
                fmt.Printf("%s\n", text)
            }
        }
    }
}

写入 XLSX 文件

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/tealeg/xlsx"
)

func main() {
    var file *xlsx.File
    var sheet *xlsx.Sheet
    var row *xlsx.Row
    var cell *xlsx.Cell
    var err error

    file = xlsx.NewFile()
    sheet, err = file.AddSheet("Sheet1")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Printf(err.Error())
    }
    row = sheet.AddRow()
    cell = row.AddCell()
    cell.Value = "I am a cell!"
    err = file.Save("MyXLSXFile.xlsx")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Printf(err.Error())
    }
}