发布订阅（观察者）模式之Spring源码ApplicationListener解析

发布订阅模式之Spring源码ApplicationListener解析

• 在之前的博客中有介绍过发布订阅模式， 也就是观察者模式， 想要了解的同学可以看我博客https://editor.csdn.net/md/?articleId=126689739

• 他的uml图如下(图一)

• 

• 这里我们在重点讲一下发布订阅模式在spring源码中的应用

• 为了大家有一个整体的认识， 我先把主要涉及到的类先画出uml， 如下

• 

• 接下来我们来分析一下源码

• ApplicationListener作为观察者， 定义onApplicationEvent。 对应图一的Observer

  •   public interface ApplicationListener<E extends ApplicationEvent> extends EventListener {
      
      	/**
      	 * Handle an application event.
      	 * @param event the event to respond to
      	 */
      	void onApplicationEvent(E event);
      
      }
    

• 事件的发布， 是通过ApplicationContext 的publishEvent ， 他的默认实现是接口ApplicationEventPublisher, 所以 ApplicationContext 就作为观察目标（图一的Subject）

  •   public interface ApplicationEventPublisher {
      
      	/**
      	 * Notify all <strong>matching</strong> listeners registered with this
      	 * application of an application event. Events may be framework events
      	 * (such as RequestHandledEvent) or application-specific events.
      	 * @param event the event to publish
      	 * @see org.springframework.web.context.support.RequestHandledEvent
      	 */
      	default void publishEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {
      		publishEvent((Object) event);
      	}
      
      	/**
      	 * Notify all <strong>matching</strong> listeners registered with this
      	 * application of an event.
      	 * <p>If the specified {@code event} is not an {@link ApplicationEvent},
      	 * it is wrapped in a {@link PayloadApplicationEvent}.
      	 * @param event the event to publish
      	 * @since 4.2
      	 * @see PayloadApplicationEvent
      	 */
      	void publishEvent(Object event);
      
      }
    

• 我们再看一下实现细节， 可以找到AbstractApplicationContext， 代码片段如下

  •   	protected void publishEvent(Object event, @Nullable ResolvableType eventType) {
      		Assert.notNull(event, "Event must not be null");
      		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
      			logger.trace("Publishing event in " + getDisplayName() + ": " + event);
      		}
      
      		// Decorate event as an ApplicationEvent if necessary
      		ApplicationEvent applicationEvent;
      		if (event instanceof ApplicationEvent) {
      			applicationEvent = (ApplicationEvent) event;
      		}
      		else {
      			applicationEvent = new PayloadApplicationEvent<>(this, event);
      			if (eventType == null) {
      				eventType = ((PayloadApplicationEvent<?>) applicationEvent).getResolvableType();
      			}
      		}
      
      		// Multicast right now if possible - or lazily once the multicaster is initialized
      		if (this.earlyApplicationEvents != null) {
      			this.earlyApplicationEvents.add(applicationEvent);
      		}
      		else {
      			getApplicationEventMulticaster().multicastEvent(applicationEvent, eventType);
      		}
      
      		// Publish event via parent context as well...
      		if (this.parent != null) {
      			if (this.parent instanceof AbstractApplicationContext) {
      				((AbstractApplicationContext) this.parent).publishEvent(event, eventType);
      			}
      			else {
      				this.parent.publishEvent(event);
      			}
      		}
      	}
    

  • 重点看 getApplicationEventMulticaster().multicastEvent(applicationEvent, eventType);这是他的具体实现， 可以定位到org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster#multicastEvent， 代码如下， 也是用for循环去便利观察者， 参考图一中的for

    •   	public void multicastEvent(final ApplicationEvent event, @Nullable ResolvableType eventType) {
        		ResolvableType type = (eventType != null ? eventType : resolveDefaultEventType(event));
        		for (final ApplicationListener<?> listener : getApplicationListeners(event, type)) {
        			Executor executor = getTaskExecutor();
        			if (executor != null) {
        				executor.execute(() -> invokeListener(listener, event));
        			}
        			else {
        				invokeListener(listener, event);
        			}
        		}
        	}
      

    • 最后我们看一下invokeListener的实现， doInvokeListener, 可以发现， 是调用了观察者ApplicationListener的onApplicationEvent方法

      •   	private void doInvokeListener(ApplicationListener listener, ApplicationEvent event) {
          		try {
          			listener.onApplicationEvent(event);
          		}
          		catch (ClassCastException ex) {
          			String msg = ex.getMessage();
          			if (msg == null || matchesClassCastMessage(msg, event.getClass())) {
          				// Possibly a lambda-defined listener which we could not resolve the generic event type for
          				// -> let's suppress the exception and just log a debug message.
          				Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
          				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
          					logger.debug("Non-matching event type for listener: " + listener, ex);
          				}
          			}
          			else {
          				throw ex;
          			}
          		}
          	}
        

  • 到这里你是不是已近明白了尼