删除重复记录的几种方法:
(1).适用于有大量重复记录的情况(在C1,C10和C20列上建有索引的时候,用以下语句效率会很高):
SQL>delete cz where (c1,c10,c20) in (select c1,c10,
c20 from cz group by c1,c10,c20 having count(*)>1) and rowid not in
(select min(rowid) from cz group by c1,c10,c20 having count(*)>1);
SQL>delete cz where rowid not in
(select min(rowid) from cz group by c1,c10,c20);
(2).适用于有少量重复记录的情况(注意,对于有大量重复记录的情况,用以下语句效率会很低):
SQL>delete from cz a where a.rowid!=(select max(rowid)
from cz b where a.c1=b.c1 and a.c10=b.c10 and a.c20=b.c20);
SQL>delete from cz a where a.rowid<(select max(rowid)
from cz b where a.c1=b.c1 and a.c10=b.c10 and a.c20=b.c20);
SQL>delete from cz a where rowid <(select max(rowid)
from cz where c1=a.c1 and c10=a.c10 and c20=a.c20);
(3).适用于有少量重复记录的情况(临时表法):
SQL>create table test as select distinct * from cz;
(建一个临时表test用来存放重复的记录)
SQL>truncate table cz; (清空cz表的数据,但保留cz表的结构)
SQL>insert into cz select * from test;
(再将临时表test里的内容反插回来)
(4).适用于有大量重复记录的情况(Exception into 子句法):
采用alter table 命令中的 Exception into 子句也可以确定出库表中重复的记录。这种方法稍微麻烦一些,为了使用“excepeion into ”子句,必须首先创建 EXCEPTIONS 表。创建该表的 SQL 脚本文件为 utlexcpt.sql 。对于win2000系统和 UNIX 系统, Oracle 存放该文件的位置稍有不同,在win2000系统下,该脚本文件存放在$ORACLE_HOMEOra90rdbmsadmin 目录下;而对于 UNIX 系统,该脚本文件存放在$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin 目录下。
具体步骤如下:
SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/utlexcpt.sql
Table created.
SQL>desc exceptions
Name Null? Type
-----------------------------------------
ROW_ID ROWID
OWNER VARCHAR2(30)
TABLE_NAME VARCHAR2(30)
CONSTRAINT VARCHAR2(30)
SQL>alter table cz add constraint
cz_unique unique(c1,c10,c20) exceptions into exceptions;
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02299: cannot validate (TEST.CZ_UNIQUE) - duplicate keys found
SQL>create table dups as select
* from cz where rowid in (select row_id from exceptions);
Table created.
SQL>select * from dups;
C1 C10 C20
---------- ---------- ---
1 2 dsf
1 2 dsf
1 2 dsf
1 2 dsf
2 3 che
1 2 dsf
1 2 dsf
1 2 dsf
1 2 dsf
2 3 che
2 3 che
2 3 che
2 3 che
3 4 dff
3 4 dff
3 4 dff
16 rows selected.
SQL>select row_id from exceptions;
ROW_ID
------------------
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAA
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAB
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAC
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAF
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAH
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAI
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAG
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAD
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAE
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAJ
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAK
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAL
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAM
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAN
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAO
AAAHD/AAIAAAADSAAP
16 rows selected.
SQL>delete from cz where rowid in
( select row_id from exceptions);
16 rows deleted.
SQL>insert into cz select distinct * from dups;
3 rows created.
SQL>select *from cz;
C1 C10 C20
---------- ---------- ---
1 2 dsf
2 3 che
3 4 dff
4 5 err
5 3 dar
6 1 wee
7 2 zxc
7 rows selected.
从结果里可以看到重复记录已经删除。