COM编程实例总结（Windows服务程序）

Com编程实例

6.4 Com编程实例 微软Windows Com/Dcom技术为编写分布式应用程序提供了实用框架。Visual C++.NET中的ATL技术和属性编程技术(Attributes programming)大大简化了编写Com/Dcom程序的步骤。本节给出Dcom程序的一个实际例子，使读者尽快掌握微软Windows Com技术。 6.4.1 程序功能说明 该程序例子包含一个Dcom 服务组件和一个使用该服务组件的客户端程序。在同一时刻可以有多个这样的客户端程序连接到该服务组件并接受它的服务。服务组件同步这些客户端程序，并向这些客户端程序输出对应的字符串。 具体使用方法如下：首先，利用光盘中sourcelist\.Chap06\DrawText Server目录中的 Drawserv命令注册该服务组件；然后启动光盘中source List\_chap06\DraweTextCl:ent目录中的Atldraw.exe客户端程序，利用服务菜单中的Connect命令连接到服务组件。此时在客户端程序中单击鼠标左键或右键就可以看到服务组件输出的该客户端的字符串。如果同时有多个客户端程序连接到该服务组件，用户只要在一个客户端程序单击鼠标左键或右键，就可以同时在多个客户端程序中看到所输出的字符串。如图6-9所示： 图6-9 服务端和客户端 6.4.2 服务组件主要程序代码 该服务组件的源程序文件名及其功能如下表所示： 表6-1 服务组件源程序文件及其功能 源 程 序 名 功    能 PreDraw.h 定义了需要将Com注册为Windows服务的函数声明 DrawServ.cpp 实现了上述声明 DrawObj.h和DrawObj.cpp Server类头文件和实现文件 CPIDServ Server类连接点定义文件 DrawServ.idl Server类接口定义文件 (1) predraw.h文件 #include <atlbase.h> class CServiceModule : public CcomModule//定义一个继承于 //CcomModule的子类 //实现Windows 服务注册功能。 { public: HRESULT RegisterServer(BOOL bRegTypeLib); HRESULT UnregisterServer(); void Init(_ATL_OBJMAP_ENTRY* p, HINSTANCE h, UINT nServiceNameID); void Start(); void ServiceMain(DWORD dwArgc, LPTSTR* lpszArgv); void Handler(DWORD dwOpcode); void Run(); BOOL IsInstalled(); BOOL Install(); BOOL Uninstall(); LONG Unlock(); void LogEvent(LPCTSTR pszFormat, ...); void SetServiceStatus(DWORD dwState); void SetupAsLocalServer(); // 实现 private: static void WINAPI _ServiceMain(DWORD dwArgc, LPTSTR* lpszArgv); static void WINAPI _Handler(DWORD dwOpcode); // 数据成员 public: TCHAR m_szServiceName[256]; SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE m_hServiceStatus; SERVICE_STATUS m_status; DWORD dwThreadID; BOOL m_bService; }; extern CServiceModule _Module; //注意，必须 //以此类定义一个名为 //_Module的变量，才能 //实现注册功能。 #include <atlcom.h> (2) DrawServ.cpp文件 // DrawServ.cpp : WinMain的实现 #include "predraw.h" #include "drawres.h" #include "initguid.h" #include "DrawServ.h" #include "DrawObj.h" #define IID_DEFINED #include "DrawServ_i.c" #include <stdio.h> CServiceModule _Module; BEGIN_OBJECT_MAP(ObjectMap) OBJECT_ENTRY(CLSID_CDrawTextServ, CDrawTextObj) END_OBJECT_MAP() inline HRESULT CServiceModule::RegisterServer(BOOL bRegTypeLib) //将类注册为Windows服务的方法定义 { HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL); if (FAILED(hr)) return hr; //在安装新服务之前，删除以前所安装的同名服务 Uninstall(); //在注册表中注册组件 UpdateRegistryFromResource(IDR_DrawTextServ, TRUE); //将该组件注册为Windows服务 Install(); HRESULT hRes = CComModule::RegisterServer(bRegTypeLib); CoUninitialize(); return hRes; } //取消注册函数 inline HRESULT CServiceModule::UnregisterServer() { HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL); if (FAILED(hr)) return hr; //删除注册表项目 UpdateRegistryFromResource(IDR_DrawTextServ, FALSE); //卸载Windows服务 Uninstall(); CComModule::UnregisterServer(); CoUninitialize(); return S_OK; } //初始化服务代码 inline void CServiceModule::Init(_ATL_OBJMAP_ENTRY* p, HINSTANCE h, UINT nServiceNameID) { CComModule::Init(p, h); m_bService = TRUE; LoadString(h, nServiceNameID, m_szServiceName, sizeof(m_szServiceName) / sizeof(TCHAR)); //设置初始服务状态 m_hServiceStatus = NULL; m_status.dwServiceType = SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS; m_status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_STOPPED; m_status.dwControlsAccepted = SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP; m_status.dwWin32ExitCode = 0; m_status.dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0; m_status.dwCheckPoint = 0; m_status.dwWaitHint = 0; } LONG CServiceModule::Unlock() { LONG l = CComModule::Unlock(); if (l == 0 && !m_bService) PostThreadMessage(dwThreadID, WM_QUIT, 0, 0); return l; } //判断当前服务是否已经安装的函数 BOOL CServiceModule::IsInstalled() { BOOL bResult = FALSE; SC_HANDLE hSCM = ::OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS); if (hSCM != NULL) { SC_HANDLE hService = ::OpenService(hSCM, m_szServiceName, SERVICE_QUERY_CONFIG); if (hService != NULL) { bResult = TRUE; ::CloseServiceHandle(hService); } ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM); } return bResult; } //具体安装服务的代码 inline BOOL CServiceModule::Install() { if (IsInstalled()) return TRUE; SC_HANDLE hSCM = ::OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS); if (hSCM == NULL) { MessageBox(NULL, _T("Couldn't open service manager"), m_szServiceName, MB_OK); return FALSE; } //取得可执行文件全程路径 TCHAR szFilePath[_MAX_PATH]; ::GetModuleFileName(NULL, szFilePath, _MAX_PATH); SC_HANDLE hService = ::CreateService( //调用系统API函数注册服务 hSCM, m_szServiceName, m_szServiceName, SERVICE_ALL_ACCESS, SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS, SERVICE_DEMAND_START, SERVICE_ERROR_NORMAL, szFilePath, NULL, NULL, _T("RPCSS\0"), NULL, NULL); if (hService == NULL) { ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM); MessageBox(NULL, _T("Couldn't create service"), m_szServiceName, MB_OK); return FALSE; } ::CloseServiceHandle(hService); ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM); return TRUE; } //卸载服务代码 inline BOOL CServiceModule::Uninstall() { if (!IsInstalled()) return TRUE; SC_HANDLE hSCM = ::OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS); if (hSCM == NULL) { MessageBox(NULL, _T("Couldn't open service manager"), m_szServiceName, MB_OK); return FALSE; } SC_HANDLE hService = ::OpenService(hSCM, m_szServiceName, SERVICE_STOP | DELETE); //调用API函数删除Windows服务注册 if (hService == NULL) { ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM); MessageBox(NULL, _T("Couldn't open service"), m_szServiceName, MB_OK); return FALSE; } SERVICE_STATUS status; ::ControlService(hService, SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP, &status); BOOL bDelete = ::DeleteService(hService); ::CloseServiceHandle(hService); ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM); if (bDelete) return TRUE; MessageBox(NULL, _T("Service could not be deleted"), m_szServiceName, MB_OK); return FALSE; } //服务正常运行时的日志记录功能函数 void CServiceModule::LogEvent(LPCTSTR pFormat, ...) { TCHAR chMsg[256]; HANDLE hEventSource; LPTSTR lpszStrings[1]; va_list pArg; va_start(pArg, pFormat); _vstprintf(chMsg, pFormat, pArg); va_end(pArg); lpszStrings[0] = chMsg; if (m_bService) { /* Get a handle to use with ReportEvent(). */ hEventSource = RegisterEventSource(NULL, m_szServiceName); if (hEventSource) { /* Write to event log. */ ReportEvent(hEventSource, EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE, 0, 0, NULL, 1, 0, (LPCTSTR*) &lpszStrings[0], NULL); DeregisterEventSource(hEventSource); } } else { _putts(chMsg); } } //启动服务代码 inline void CServiceModule::Start() { SERVICE_TABLE_ENTRY st[] = { { m_szServiceName, _ServiceMain }, { NULL, NULL } }; if (m_bService && !::StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(st)) { m_bService = FALSE; } if (m_bService == FALSE) Run(); } //服务主函数 inline void CServiceModule::ServiceMain(DWORD /* dwArgc */, LPTSTR* /* lpszArgv */) { // Register the control request handler m_status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_START_PENDING; m_hServiceStatus = RegisterServiceCtrlHandler(m_szServiceName, _Handler); if (m_hServiceStatus == NULL) { LogEvent(_T("Handler not installed")); return; } SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_START_PENDING); m_status.dwWin32ExitCode = S_OK; m_status.dwCheckPoint = 0; m_status.dwWaitHint = 0; Run(); SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED); LogEvent(_T("Service stopped")); } inline void CServiceModule::Handler(DWORD dwOpcode) {//Windows服务管理消息处理 switch (dwOpcode) { case SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP: SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_STOP_PENDING); PostThreadMessage(dwThreadID, WM_QUIT, 0, 0); break; case SERVICE_CONTROL_PAUSE: break; case SERVICE_CONTROL_CONTINUE: break; case SERVICE_CONTROL_INTERROGATE: break; case SERVICE_CONTROL_SHUTDOWN: break; default: LogEvent(_T("Bad service request")); } } void WINAPI CServiceModule::_ServiceMain(DWORD dwArgc, LPTSTR* lpszArgv) { _Module.ServiceMain(dwArgc, lpszArgv); } void WINAPI CServiceModule::_Handler(DWORD dwOpcode) { _Module.Handler(dwOpcode); } void CServiceModule::SetServiceStatus(DWORD dwState) { m_status.dwCurrentState = dwState; ::SetServiceStatus(m_hServiceStatus, &m_status); } //启动服务函数 void CServiceModule::Run() { HRESULT hr; _Module.dwThreadID = GetCurrentThreadId(); hr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED); ATLASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr)); CSecurityDescriptor sd; sd.InitializeFromThreadToken(); hr = CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_NONE, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IDENTIFY, NULL, EOAC_NONE, NULL); ATLASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr)); hr = _Module.RegisterClassObjects(CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER | CLSCTX_REMOTE_SERVER, REGCLS_MULTIPLEUSE); ATLASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr)); LogEvent(_T("Service started")); SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_RUNNING); MSG msg; while (GetMessage(&msg, 0, 0, 0)) DispatchMessage(&msg); _Module.RevokeClassObjects(); CoUninitialize(); } extern "C" int WINAPI _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE /* hPrevInstance */, LPTSTR lpCmdLine, int /* nShowCmd */) { _Module.Init(ObjectMap, hInstance, IDS_SERVICENAME); _Module.m_bService = TRUE; TCHAR szTokens[] = _T("-/"); LPTSTR lpszToken = _tcstok(lpCmdLine, szTokens); while (lpszToken != NULL) { if (_tcsicmp(lpszToken, _T("UnregServer"))==0) return _Module.UnregisterServer(); if (_tcsicmp(lpszToken, _T("RegServer"))==0) return _Module.RegisterServer(TRUE); if (_tcsicmp(lpszToken, _T("Embedding"))==0) _Module.m_bService = FALSE; if (_tcsicmp(lpszToken, _T("LocalServer"))==0) { _Module.SetupAsLocalServer(); return 0; } lpszToken = _tcstok(NULL, szTokens); } _Module.Start(); //当程序执行至此处时，服务结束 return _Module.m_status.dwWin32ExitCode; } void CServiceModule::SetupAsLocalServer() { USES_CONVERSION; CRegKey keyClasses,key; LPOLESTR pCLSID; Uninstall(); if (keyClasses.Open(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT, _T("CLSID")) != ERROR_SUCCESS) return; _ATL_OBJMAP_ENTRY* pEntry = m_pObjMap; while (pEntry->pclsid != NULL) { StringFromCLSID(*pEntry->pclsid, &pCLSID); if (key.Open(keyClasses, OLE2T(pCLSID)) == ERROR_SUCCESS) { TCHAR szModule[_MAX_PATH]; key.DeleteValue(_T("AppID")); key.DeleteValue(_T("_LocalServer32")); GetModuleFileName(GetModuleInstance(), szModule, _MAX_PATH); key.SetKeyValue(_T("LocalServer32"), szModule, _T("")); } pEntry++; } } (3) CPIDServ.h template <class T>//利用ATL模版实现代理类创建 class CProxyIDrawTextServ : public IConnectionPointImpl<T, &IID_IDrawTextServ, CComDynamicUnkArray> { public: //服务方法定义 public: HRESULT myDrawText( long x, long y, unsigned long col) { T* pT = (T*)this; pT->Lock(); HRESULT hr = S_OK; IUnknown** pp = m_vec.begin(); IUnknown** ppEnd = m_vec.end(); while (pp < ppEnd && hr == S_OK) { if (*pp != NULL) { IDrawTextServ* pIDrawTextServ = (IDrawTextServ*)*pp; hr = pIDrawTextServ->myDrawText(x, y, col); } pp++; } pT->Unlock(); return hr; } }; (4) DrawObj.h #include "drawres.h" #include "CPIDServ.h" //定义服务对象类 class CDrawTextObj : public IDispatchImpl<IDrawTextServ, &IID_IDrawTextServ, &LIBID_DRAWTEXTSERVLib>, public IConnectionPointContainerImpl<CDrawTextObj>, public CProxyIDrawTextServ<CDrawTextObj>, public ISupportErrorInfo, public CComObjectRoot, public CComCoClass<CDrawTextObj,&CLSID_CDrawTextServ> { public: DECLARE_CLASSFACTORY_SINGLETON(CDrawTextObj); BEGIN_COM_MAP(CDrawTextObj) COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY2(IDispatch,IDrawTextServ) COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY(IDrawTextServ)//接口 COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY(ISupportErrorInfo)//接口 COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY_IMPL(IConnectionPointContainer) //连结点 END_COM_MAP() BEGIN_CONNECTION_POINT_MAP(CDrawTextObj) CONNECTION_POINT_ENTRY(IID_IDrawTextServ) END_CONNECTION_POINT_MAP() DECLARE_REGISTRY_RESOURCEID(IDR_DrawTextServ1) // ISupportsErrorInfo STDMETHOD(InterfaceSupportsErrorInfo)(REFIID riid); // IDrawTextServ public: STDMETHOD(myDrawText)( long x, long y, unsigned long col) { return CProxyIDrawTextServ<CDrawTextObj>::myDrawText(x, y, col); } }; (5) DrawObj.cpp #include "predraw.h" #include "DrawServ.h" #include "DrawObj.h" STDMETHODIMP CDrawTextObj::InterfaceSupportsErrorInfo(REFIID riid) { if (riid == IID_IDrawTextServ) return S_OK; return S_FALSE; } 原文转自：http://hi.baidu.com/estellejiang/blog/item/d52edbcdf73edb530eb345ea.html