//为什么要定义构造方法
因为不定义它也会有默认构造方法,而且是public的,不符合单例的设计模式要求
这种eager singleton是线程安全的,因为JVM保证了静态变量只由classloader初始化一次,也因此意味着所有调用getInstance的线程只能得到同一个变量实例
但是这种方法不足以保护其免遭reflection attack,因为反射可以改变私有变量的访问控制符
AccessibleObject.setAccessible(true),应对这种情况就需要这样:
public class JavaSingleton {
private static final JavaSingleton INSTANCE = new JavaSingleton();
private JavaSingleton() {
if (INSTANCE != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Inside JavaSingleton(): JavaSingleton " +
"instance already created.");
}
System.out.println("Inside JavaSingleton(): Singleton instance is being created.");
}
public static final JavaSingleton getInstance() {
return INSTANCE;
}
}
同时也不能免遭serialization attack,应对法:
定义所有的实例域为transient,再提供一个readResolve方法,返回现有实例,来保证singleton
见:
http://technonstop.com/java-singleton-reflection-and-lazy-initialization
http://www.chiaocheng.com/blog/2009/07/java-singleton/
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5735797/is-this-singleton-resistant-to-both-serialization-and-reflection-attacks