字符串的左旋转

package su.interview;

/**
 * 定义字符串的左旋转操作：把字符串前面的若干个字符移动到字符串的尾部。如把字符串abcdef左旋转2位得到字符串cdefab。请实现字符串左旋转的函数。
 * 
 * @author Toy
 * 
 */
public class String_06 {

	/**
	 * 分成两部分拼接 O(n)+O(n)
	 * 
	 * @param str
	 * @param step
	 * @return
	 */
	public String rotate_01(String str, int step) {
		char[] c = str.toCharArray();
		StringBuffer s = new StringBuffer();
		for (int i = step; i < str.length(); i++) {
			s.append(c[i]);
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < step; i++) {
			s.append(c[i]);
		}
		str = s.toString();
		return str;

	}

	/**
	 * 三次旋转 O(n)+O(1)
	 * 
	 * @param str
	 * @param step
	 * @return
	 */
	public String rotate_02(String str, int step) {

		char[] c = str.toCharArray();
		reverse(c, 0, step);
		reverse(c, step, c.length);
		reverse(c, 0, c.length);
		str = String.valueOf(c);
		return str;
	}

	private void reverse(char[] c, int i, int step) {
		
		char temp = '0';
		int j = step - 1;
		while (i < j) {
			temp = c[i];
			c[i] = c[j];
			c[j] = temp;
			i++;
			j--;
		}

	}

	/**
	 * 每次循环移动一位 O(n*k)+O(1)
	 * 
	 * @param str
	 * @param step
	 * @return
	 */
	public String rotate_03(String str, int step) {
		
		step=step%str.length();//在step很大的时候可以缩小规模
		char[] c = str.toCharArray();
		while (step > 0) {

			char temp = c[0];
			for (int i = 1; i < c.length - 1; i++) {
				c[i - 1] = c[i];
			}
			c[c.length-1]=temp;
			step--;
		}
		str = String.valueOf(c);
		return str;
	}

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {

		String_06 s = new String_06();

		String str = "abcdefghijk";
		System.out.println(str);

		str = s.rotate_01(str, 5);
		System.out.println(str);

		str = s.rotate_02(str, 5);
		System.out.println(str);
		
		str = s.rotate_03(str, 5);
		System.out.println(str);
		
	}

}