Ant快速上手

<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " UTF-8 " ?>
< project name = " project test "   default = " dist "  basedir = " ../ " >
     <!--  import the properties file  -->
     < property file = " build/building.properties " />
    
     <!--  Constant Variable Information  -->
     < property name = " SRC_HOME "  value = " ${SRC_DIR} " ></ property >
     < property name = " SRC "  value = " src " />
     < property name = " buildDir "  value = " class " ></ property >
     < property name = " distDir "  value = " dist " />
     < property name = " package "  value = " test " />
     
     < path id = " classpath " >
        < fileset dir = " ${Library} " >
           < include name = " *.jar " />
        </ fileset >
     </ path >
    
     < target name = " init "  description = " initialize the project " >
       < echo > Ready to make directory: $ ... {distDir} . </ echo >
       < mkdir dir = " ${distDir} " />
       < echo > Ready to make directory: $ ... {buildDir} . </ echo >
       < mkdir dir = " ${buildDir} " />
     </ target >
    
     < target name = " precompile "  depends = " init "  description = " procompile " >
      < echo > Ready to  do  something before compiling </ echo >
     </ target >
    
     < target name = " compile "  depends = " precompile " >
        < javac srcdir = " ${SRC_HOME} "  destdir = " ${buildDir} "  classpathref = " classpath " />
     </ target >
    
     < target name = " dist "  depends = " compile "  description = " build jar " >
        < jar destfile = " ${distDir}/${package}.jar "  basedir = " ${buildDir} " >
            < manifest >
               < attribute name = " Built-By "  value = " ${user.name} " />
               < attribute name = " Main-Class "  value = " test.Main " />
            </ manifest >
        </ jar >
        < jar destfile = " ${distDir}/${package}_src.jar "  basedir = " ${buildDir} " />
     </ target >
    
     < target name = " clean "  description = " clean the directory " >         
        < delete dir = " ${distDir} "  quiet = " true " ></ delete >
        < delete dir = " ${buildDir} "  quiet = " true " ></ delete >
     </ target >
</ project >

Ant的build文件分析:
1. project是build文件的最外层，注意，其可以设置default任务和缺省的目录位置
2. 此属性信息主要是从属性文件中提取特定的设置信息

  < property  file ="build/building.properties" />

3.  property主要是设置ant script中使用到的各种节点值域信息，比如目录地址，节点名称等等
4.   path主要是用来设置代码以来的类库信息，在编译或者打包过程中，基于classpathref来进行使用

< path  id ="classpath" >
        < fileset  dir ="${Library}" >
           < include  name ="*.jar" />
        </ fileset >
     </ path >

5. target是ant中的基本任务单元，其可以depends其他target.

< target  name ="init"  description ="initialize the project" >
       < echo > Ready to make directory: ${distDir}. </ echo >
       < mkdir  dir ="${distDir}" />
       < echo > Ready to make directory: ${buildDir}. </ echo >
       < mkdir  dir ="${buildDir}" />
     </ target >

6. <java/>, <javac/>, <jar/>等已经内置于Ant中，我们只需要在命令中直接使用其就可以。具体示例如下:

   < target  name ="compile"  depends ="precompile" >
        < javac  srcdir ="${SRC_HOME}"  destdir ="${buildDir}"  classpathref ="classpath" />
     </ target >

其他的命令还有:
<copy file="src/*.java" tofile/todir="dest/*.java"/> ,move 也是类似的
7. build-webservice.xml里面仅仅定义了若干target

<!--  build-webservice 是另外一个ant的脚本文件 -->
< antcall  target ="build-webservice" />