使用 Apache HttpClient

为了更好的处理向web站点的请求,包括处理Session ,Cookie等细节问题,Apache 开源组织提供了一个 HttpClient项目.它是一个简单的HTTP客户端(并不是浏览器),可以用于发送HTTP请求,接受HTTP响应,.但不会缓存服务器的响应,不能执行HTML页面中嵌入的JavaScript代码,也不会对页面内容进行任何解析,处理.

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使用 HttpClient 发送请求,接受响应. 需要如下几步:

1. 创建 HttpClient 对象.
2. 如需要发送GET 请求,则创建 HttpGet对象.如发动POST请求,则创建HttpPost对象.
3. 如果需要发送请求参数,可调用 HttpGet,HttpPost共同的 setParams(HttpParams params) 方法来添加请求参数; 对于 HttpPost 对象而言, 也可调用setEntity(HttpEntity entity)方法来设置请求参数.
4. 调用 HttpClient 对象的execute(HttpUriRequest request) 发送请求执行该方法返回一个HttpResponse.
5. 调用 HttpResponse 的getAllHeaders(), getHeaders(String name),等方法获取服务器的响应头; 调用 HttpResponse 的getEntity()方法可获取 HttpEntity 对象,该对象包装了服务器的响应内容.程序可通过该对象获取服务器的响应内容.

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package com.net.httpclient;

import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 使用 Apache HttpClient
 * org.apache.http.client.HttpClient
 */
public class HttpClientActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    TextView respone;
    Button assess, login;
    HttpClient httpClient;

    Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            if(msg.what == 0x1234)
            {
                // 使用response文本框显示服务器响应
                respone.append(msg.obj.toString() + "\n");
            }
        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_http_client);

        //创建 DefaultHttpClient 对象
        httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
        respone = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.response);

        assess = (Button) findViewById(R.id.accessSecret);
        login = (Button) findViewById(R.id.showLogin);

        initListener();
    }

    private void initListener() {
        assess.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                new Thread() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        super.run();

                        //创建一个 HttpGet 对象
                        HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://169.254.214.117:8080/foo/secret.jsp");

                        try {
                            //发送 get 请求
                            HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(get);

                            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();

                            if (entity == null) {
                                //读取服务器响应
                                BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(entity.getContent()));

                                String line = null;
                                while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {

                                    Message msg = Message.obtain();
                                    msg.what = 0x1234;
                                    msg.obj = line;

                                    mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }.start();
            }
        });

        login.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //加载登录界面
                final View loginDialog = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.login, null);

                //使用对话框供用户登录
                new AlertDialog.Builder(HttpClientActivity.this)
                        .setTitle("登录系统")
                        .setView(loginDialog)
                        .setPositiveButton("登录", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

                                //获取用户输入的用户名, 密码
                                final String name = ((EditText) loginDialog.findViewById(R.id.name)).getText().toString();
                                final String pass = ((EditText) loginDialog.findViewById(R.id.pass)).getText().toString();


                                //开启子线程
                                new Thread() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        try {
                                            HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://169.254.214.117:8080/foo/login.jsp");

                                            //如果传递参数个数比较多,可以对传递的多个参数进行封装
                                            List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

                                            params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", name));
                                            params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pass", pass));

                                            //设置请求参数
                                            post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, HTTP.UTF_8));

                                            //发送 post请求
                                            HttpResponse response =httpClient.execute(post);

                                            //如果服务器成功的 返回响应
                                            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){
                                                String msg = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());

                                                Looper.prepare();

                                                //提示登录成功
                                                Toast.makeText(HttpClientActivity.this, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

                                                Looper.loop();
                                            }

                                        } catch (Exception e) {
                                            e.printStackTrace();
                                        }
                                    }
                                }.start();

                            }
                        }).setNegativeButton("取消",null).show();
            }
        });
    }
}