虚拟机部署达梦数据守护集群

目录


前言

    达梦数据库的数据守护(DM Data Watch)的实现原理:将主库产生的Redo日志传输到备库,备库接收并重新应用Redo日志,从而实现备库与主库的数据同步。数据守护的核心思想是监控数据库状态,获取主、备库数据同步情况,为Redo日志传输与重演过程中出现的各种异常情况提供一系列的解决方案。

   本文针对达梦数据库的数据守护在虚拟机上完成搭建进行一次实践,并记录完整搭建过程。


一、环境准备

 所需资源

Oracle VM VirtualBox(虚拟机软件)

Kylin-Server-10-SP2-x86-Release-Build09-20210524.iso(麒麟操作系统软件)

dm8_20220525_x86_rh6_64.iso(达梦数据库软件)

服务器规划:

服务器规划
机器名IP地址服务器角色数据库实例名说明
dameng01192.168.56.101主库GRP1_DM_01安装麒麟系统,并安装达梦数据库软件及实例
dameng02192.168.56.102备库GRP1_DM_02安装麒麟系统,并安装达梦数据库软件及实例
dameng03192.168.56.103监视器安装麒麟系统,并安装达梦数据库软件

二、操作步骤

1.准备3台虚拟机

虚拟机规划:

镜像名主机名硬件配置网卡
DM8_01dameng012C*3G*50G1个主机网络,1个NAT网络
DM8_02dameng022C*3G*50G1个主机网络,1个NAT网络
DM8_03dameng032C*3G*50G1个主机网络,1个NAT网络

 安装虚拟机, 先安装一台麒麟系统虚拟机,然后复制出另外两台一样的虚拟机主机环境。

主机改名:hostname 主机名

2.数据库安装前准备

上传数据库安装软件镜像到三个节点的/opt/目录:

[root@dameng02 ~]# ll /opt|grep dm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 954251264 10月  6 13:47 dm8_20220525_x86_rh6_64.iso关闭主备库的
关闭主备库主机的防火墙:

[root@dameng01 ~]#systemctl stop firewalld

[root@dameng01 ~]#systemctl disable firewalld

3.数据库软件安装

  在节点192.168.56.101、192.168.56.102、192.168.56.103上安装达梦数据库软件:

   3.1 检查tmp空间  ,确保有2G的空间

[root@dameng01 ~]# df -h |grep /tmp
tmpfs                  1.5G   16K  1.5G    1% /tmp
[root@dameng01 ~]# mount -o remount,size=2G /tmp
[root@dameng01 ~]# df -h |grep /tmp
tmpfs                  2.0G   16K  2.0G    1% /tmp

    3.2创建达梦数据库用户组及用户

[root@dameng01 ~]# groupadd dinstall
[root@dameng01 ~]# useradd -g dinstall dmdba
[root@dameng01 ~]# passwd dmdba
更改用户 dmdba 的密码 。
新的 密码:
重新输入新的 密码:
passwd:所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
[root@dameng01 ~]# mkdir /dm8
[root@dameng01 ~]# chown dmdba:dinstall /dm8
[root@dameng01 ~]# ll / |grep dm8
drwxr-xr-x    2 dmdba dinstall    6 10月  6 13:56 dm8

   3.3安装数据库软件

[root@dameng01 ~]# mount -o loop /opt/dm8_20220525_x86_rh6_64.iso /mnt
mount: /mnt: WARNING: source write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@dameng01 ~]# su - dmdba
[dmdba@dameng01 ~]$ export DISPLAY=192.168.42.43:0.0
[dmdba@dameng01 ~]$ cd /mnt
[dmdba@dameng01 mnt]$ ./DMInstall.bin
解压安装程序........

根据图形界面提示用root用户执行脚本:

[root@dameng01 ~]# /dm8/script/root/root_installer.sh
移动 /dm8/bin/dm_svc.conf 到/etc目录
修改服务器权限
创建DmAPService服务
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/DmAPService.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/DmAPService.service.
创建服务(DmAPService)完成
启动DmAPService服务

4.数据库实例安装

在节点192.168.56.101、192.168.56.102上安装数据库实例。

实例端口规划:

IP数据库名实例名PORTINST_DW_PORTMAL_PORTMAL_DW_PORT
192.168.56.101DMDWGRP1_DM_015246451015510165101
192.168.56.102DMDWGRP1_DM_025246451025510265102

使用达梦数据库实例安装界面引导一步步执行安装,

按照界面提示以root用户执行上面的脚本:

[root@dameng01 ~]# mv /dm8/bin/DmServiceGRP1_DM_01.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/DmServiceGRP1_DM_01.service
[root@dameng01 ~]# systemctl enable DmServiceGRP1_DM_01.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/DmServiceGRP1_DM_01.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/DmServiceGRP1_DM_01.service.
[root@dameng01 ~]# systemctl start DmServiceGRP1_DM_01.service

5.主备库数据库同步

 节点192.168.56.101、192.168.56.102的数据库实例停止,对GRP1_DM_01脱机备份,还原到实例GRP1_DM_02.

5.1备份主库并复制备份数据到备库

[dmdba@dameng01 bin]$ ./dmrman
dmrman V8
RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE '/dm8/data/DMDW/dm.ini' FULL TO BACKUP_FILE1 BACKUPSET '/dm8/backup/BACKUP_FILE_01'
BACKUP DATABASE '/dm8/data/DMDW/dm.ini' FULL TO BACKUP_FILE1 BACKUPSET '/dm8/backup/BACKUP_FILE_01'
file dm.key not found, use default license!
Database mode = 0, oguid = 0
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[43637], file_lsn[43637]
Processing backupset /dm8/backup/BACKUP_FILE_01
[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:04][Remaining:00:00:00]
backup successfully!
time used: 00:00:06.289
RMAN> exit
time used: 0.268(ms)
[dmdba@dameng01 bin]$ scp -r /dm8/backup/BACKUP_FILE_01 root@192.168.56.1002:/dm8/backup
ssh: Could not resolve hostname 192.168.56.1002: Name or service not known
lost connection
[dmdba@dameng01 bin]$ scp -r /dm8/backup/BACKUP_FILE_01 root@192.168.56.102:/dm8/backup
The authenticity of host '192.168.56.102 (192.168.56.102)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:KdQqo3jHumA8H6zQbA2X3VxTEA8tmg+1WtaSVqZ4o5M.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.56.102' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.

Authorized users only. All activities may be monitored and reported.
root@192.168.56.102's password:
BACKUP_FILE_01.bak                                                                                                          100% 7622KB  11.6MB/s   00:00
BACKUP_FILE_01.meta 

5.2 还原备库

[dmdba@dameng02 bin]$$cp /dm8/backup/BACKUP_FILE_01/* /dm8/data/DMDW/bak
[dmdba@dameng02 bin]$ ./dmrman
dmrman V8
RMAN> RESTORE DATABASE '/dm8/data/DMDW/dm.ini' FROM BACKUPSET '/dm8/data/DMDW/bak'
RESTORE DATABASE '/dm8/data/DMDW/dm.ini' FROM BACKUPSET '/dm8/data/DMDW/bak'
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:21][Remaining:00:00:00]
restore successfully.
time used: 00:00:22.364
RMAN> RECOVER DATABASE '/dm8/data/DMDW/dm.ini' FROM BACKUPSET '/dm8/data/DMDW/bak'
RECOVER DATABASE '/dm8/data/DMDW/dm.ini' FROM BACKUPSET '/dm8/data/DMDW/bak'
Database mode = 0, oguid = 0
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[43637], file_lsn[43637]
备份集[/dm8/data/DMDW/bak]备份过程中未产生日志
recover successfully!
time used: 879.548(ms)
RMAN> RECOVER DATABASE '/dm8/data/DMDW/dm.ini' UPDATE DB_MAGIC
RECOVER DATABASE '/dm8/data/DMDW/dm.ini' UPDATE DB_MAGIC
Database mode = 0, oguid = 0
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[43637], file_lsn[43637]
recover successfully!
time used: 00:00:01.885
RMAN>


6、设置配置文件参数

6.1设置主库配置文件

登陆主库主机192.168.56.101进行以下配置: 

dm.ini

INSTANCE_NAME = GRP1_DM_01 
PORT_NUM = 5246
DW_INACTIVE_INTERVAL = 60 
ALTER_MODE_STATUS = 0 
ENABLE_OFFLINE_TS = 2 
MAL_INI = 1
ARCH_INI = 1
RLOG_SEND_APPLY_MON = 64


dmmal.ini

MAL_CHECK_INTERVAL = 5
MAL_CONN_FAIL_INTERVAL = 5
[MAL_INST1] 
MAL_INST_NAME = GRP1_DM_01 
MAL_HOST = 192.168.56.101
MAL_PORT = 55101
MAL_INST_HOST = 192.168.56.101
MAL_INST_PORT = 5246
MAL_DW_PORT = 65101
MAL_INST_DW_PORT = 45101
[MAL_INST2] 
MAL_INST_NAME = GRP1_DM_02
MAL_HOST = 192.168.56.102 
MAL_PORT = 55121 
MAL_INST_HOST = 192.168.56.102
MAL_INST_PORT = 5246 
MAL_DW_PORT = 65121 
MAL_INST_DW_PORT = 45121

dmarch.ini

[ARCHIVE_REALTIME] 
ARCH_TYPE = REALTIME
ARCH_DEST = GRP1_DM_02
[ARCHIVE_LOCAL1] 
ARCH_TYPE = LOCAL
ARCH_DEST = /dm8/arch 
ARCH_FILE_SIZE = 128
ARCH_SPACE_LIMIT = 

dmwatcher.ini

[GRP1] 
DW_TYPE = GLOBAL
DW_MODE = AUTO 
DW_ERROR_TIME = 10 
INST_RECOVER_TIME = 60 
INST_ERROR_TIME = 10 
INST_OGUID = 453331 
INST_INI = /dm8/data/DMDW/dm.ini  
INST_AUTO_RESTART = 1
INST_STARTUP_CMD = /dm8/bin/dmserver 
RLOG_SEND_THRESHOLD = 0  
RLOG_APPLY_THRESHOLD = 0 

启动主库

./dmserver /dm8/data/DMDW/dm.ini  mount

SQL>SP_SET_PARA_VALUE(1, 'ALTER_MODE_STATUS', 1); 
SQL>sp_set_oguid(453331); 
SQL>alter database primary;
SQL>SP_SET_PARA_VALUE(1, 'ALTER_MODE_STATUS', 0);

6.2设置备库配置文件

登陆备库主机192.168.56.102进行以下配置:

dm.ini

INSTANCE_NAME = GRP1_DM_02
PORT_NUM = 5246 
DW_INACTIVE_INTERVAL = 60 
ALTER_MODE_STATUS = 0  
ENABLE_OFFLINE_TS = 2 
MAL_INI = 1 
ARCH_INI = 1  

RLOG_SEND_APPLY_MON = 64 

dmmal.ini

MAL_CHECK_INTERVAL = 5
MAL_CONN_FAIL_INTERVAL = 5
[MAL_INST1]
MAL_INST_NAME = GRP1_DM_01
MAL_HOST = 192.168.56.101
MAL_PORT = 55101
MAL_INST_HOST = 192.168.56.101
MAL_INST_PORT = 5246
MAL_DW_PORT = 65101
MAL_INST_DW_PORT = 45101
[MAL_INST2]
MAL_INST_NAME = GRP1_DM_02
MAL_HOST = 192.168.56.102
MAL_PORT = 55121
MAL_INST_HOST = 192.168.56.102
MAL_INST_PORT = 5246
MAL_DW_PORT = 65121
MAL_INST_DW_PORT = 45121
 

dmarch.ini

[ARCHIVE_REALTIME]
ARCH_TYPE = REALTIME
ARCH_DEST = GRP1_DM_01
[ARCHIVE_LOCAL1]
ARCH_TYPE = LOCAL
ARCH_DEST = /dm8/arch
ARCH_FILE_SIZE = 128
ARCH_SPACE_LIMIT = 0

dmwatcher.ini

[GRP1] 
DW_TYPE = GLOBAL 
DW_MODE = AUTO 
DW_ERROR_TIME = 10 
INST_RECOVER_TIME = 60 
INST_ERROR_TIME = 10  
INST_OGUID = 453331
INST_INI = /dm8/data/DMDW/dm.ini 
INST_AUTO_RESTART = 1
INST_STARTUP_CMD = /dm8/bin/dmserver 
RLOG_APPLY_THRESHOLD = 0 

以 Mount 方式启动备库
./dmserver /dm8/data/DMDW/dm.ini mount
SQL>SP_SET_PARA_VALUE(1, 'ALTER_MODE_STATUS', 1); 
SQL>sp_set_oguid(453331); 
SQL>alter database standby; 
SQL>SP_SET_PARA_VALUE(1, 'ALTER_MODE_STATUS', 0);

6.3配置监视器

登陆监视器主机192.168.56.103进行以下配置:

dmmonitor.ini

MON_DW_CONFIRM = 1
MON_LOG_PATH = /dm8/data/log
MON_LOG_INTERVAL = 60
MON_LOG_FILE_SIZE = 32
MON_LOG_SPACE_LIMIT = 0
[GRP1]
MON_INST_OGUID = 453331
MON_DW_IP = 192.168.56.101:65101
MON_DW_IP = 192.168.56.102:65121

6.4启动守护进程

启动各个主备库上的守护进程:

./dmwatcher /dm8/data/DMDW/dmwatcher.ini

6.5启动监视器

登陆监视器主机,启动监视器服务:

./dmmonitor /dm8/dmmonitor.ini

 到此,整个守护集群搭建完成。

三、问题总结

以上是在虚拟机环境安装部署达梦守护集群的操作步骤,中间过程出现的问题汇总如下:

1、达梦安装软件镜像挂载后,切换到dmdba用户,提示没有权限。

  原因:没有给dmdba用户设置密码。

   解决:执行以下步骤:

[root@dameng01 ~]# passwd dmdba
更改用户 dmdba 的密码 。
新的 密码:
重新输入新的 密码:
passwd:所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。

2、安装达梦软件报如下错误,原因:麒麟系统初始化安装的/tmp空间自动分配1.5G,需要扩大到2G才够用。

[dmdba@dameng02 mnt]$ ./DMInstall.bin
解压安装程序.........
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: Insufficient space for shared memory file:
   5412
Try using the -Djava.io.tmpdir= option to select an alternate temp location.

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: Could not load SWT library. Reasons:
        no swt-gtk-3659 in java.library.path
        no swt-gtk in java.library.path
        Can't load library: /tmp/swtlib-64/libswt-gtk-3659.so
        Can't load library: /tmp/swtlib-64/libswt-gtk.so
 

解决:使用root用户运行命令,mount -o remount,size=2G /tmp.

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