Data structure

Introduction

Mathematics review: exponents/logarithms/series/modular

Recursion: a function that is defined in terms of itself

Four rules for recursion:

1. Base case: which can be solved without recursion

2. Making progress: the recursion must always be to a case that makes progress toward a base case

3. Design rule: assume that all the recursive calls work

4. Compound interest rule: never duplicate work by solving the same instance of a problem in separate recursive calls