Hibernate HQL使用inner语句出错

最近开发中使用HQL查询时用到了inner join

hql.append(" select count(*) from DbCourse d ");
hql.append(" inner join DbCourseHistory h on h.courseId.id = d.id and h.empId.empId = '"+ab.getAdminID()+"' and h.state.codeId='LEARNING_STATE_FINISHED' ");
hql.append(" where d.flag = '"+flag+"' ");

但始终报以下异常
org.hibernate.hql.ast.QuerySyntaxException: unexpected token: on near line 1, column 98
[ select count(*) from DbCourse d [color=red][b]inner join [/b][/color]DbCourseHistory h on h.courseId.id = d.id and h.empId.empId = '20721175' and h.state.codeId='LEARNING_STATE_FINISHED' where d.flag = 'Y' ]
刚开始查看别人的评论说可能是‘全角的空格，半角 空格等’的原因，所以重写了下还是报同样的异常，于是仔细查看了下代码，怀疑是不是inner join语法写错了，以下是修改后的代码

StringBuilder hql = new StringBuilder();
hql.append(" select count(*) from DbCourse d,DbCourseHistory h ");
hql.append(" where h.courseId.id = d.id and h.empId.empId = '"+ab.getAdminID()+"' and h.state.codeId='LEARNING_STATE_FINISHED' ");
hql.append(" and d.flag = '"+flag+"' ");

问题解决了，但为什么我的inner join会出错呢？暂时不清楚，继续学习。