Centos 6.4下VirtualBox使用

       最近看写trystack的东西，准备在virtualbox下搭建openstack，virtualbox号称最好用的开源虚拟化软件，以下为安装及使用过程。

1.安装环境

DELL R710*1

Centos 6.4 x86_64

Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.2.16-86992.vbox-extpack

VirtualBox-4.2-4.2.16_86992_el6-1.x86_64

2.安装步骤

2.1 安装依赖包

yum install qt qt-x11 gcc kernel-devel
rpm -ivh http://linux.dell.com/dkms/permalink/dkms-2.2.0.3-1.noarch.rpm

2.2 安装VirtualBox

rpm -ivh VirtualBox-4.2-4.2.16_86992_el6-1.x86_64
VBoxManage extpack install Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.1.4-74291.vbox-extpack

3.创建VM

在这里以创建Centos6 VM为例，VirtualBox可创建的虚拟机类型：

ID:          Other
Description: Other/Unknown
ID:          Windows31
Description: Windows 3.1
ID:          Windows95
Description: Windows 95
ID:          Windows98
Description: Windows 98
ID:          WindowsMe
Description: Windows Me
ID:          WindowsNT4
Description: Windows NT 4
ID:          Windows2000
Description: Windows 2000
ID:          WindowsXP
Description: Windows XP
ID:          WindowsXP_64
Description: Windows XP (64 bit)
ID:          Windows2003
Description: Windows 2003
ID:          Windows2003_64
Description: Windows 2003 (64 bit)
ID:          WindowsVista
Description: Windows Vista
ID:          WindowsVista_64
Description: Windows Vista (64 bit)
ID:          Windows2008
Description: Windows 2008
ID:          Windows2008_64
Description: Windows 2008 (64 bit)
ID:          Windows7
Description: Windows 7
ID:          Windows7_64
Description: Windows 7 (64 bit)
ID:          WindowsNT
Description: Other Windows
ID:          Linux22
Description: Linux 2.2
ID:          Linux24
Description: Linux 2.4
ID:          Linux24_64
Description: Linux 2.4 (64 bit)
ID:          Linux26
Description: Linux 2.6
ID:          Linux26_64
Description: Linux 2.6 (64 bit)
ID:          ArchLinux
Description: Arch Linux
ID:          ArchLinux_64
Description: Arch Linux (64 bit)
ID:          Debian
Description: Debian
ID:          Debian_64
Description: Debian (64 bit)
ID:          OpenSUSE
Description: openSUSE
ID:          OpenSUSE_64
Description: openSUSE (64 bit)
ID:          Fedora
Description: Fedora
ID:          Fedora_64
Description: Fedora (64 bit)
ID:          Gentoo
Description: Gentoo
ID:          Gentoo_64
Description: Gentoo (64 bit)
ID:          Mandriva
Description: Mandriva
ID:          Mandriva_64
Description: Mandriva (64 bit)
ID:          RedHat
Description: Red Hat
ID:          RedHat_64
Description: Red Hat (64 bit)
ID:          Turbolinux
Description: Turbolinux
ID:          Turbolinux
Description: Turbolinux (64 bit)
ID:          Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu
ID:          Ubuntu_64
Description: Ubuntu (64 bit)
ID:          Xandros
Description: Xandros
ID:          Xandros_64
Description: Xandros (64 bit)
ID:          Oracle
Description: Oracle
ID:          Oracle_64
Description: Oracle (64 bit)
ID:          Linux
Description: Other Linux
ID:          Solaris
Description: Solaris legacy
ID:          Solaris_64
Description: Solaris legacy (64 bit)
ID:          OpenSolaris
Description: Solaris modern (S10U8+)
ID:          OpenSolaris_64
Description: Solaris modern (S10U8+) (64 bit)
ID:          FreeBSD
Description: FreeBSD
ID:          FreeBSD_64
Description: FreeBSD (64 bit)
ID:          OpenBSD
Description: OpenBSD
ID:          OpenBSD_64
Description: OpenBSD (64 bit)
ID:          NetBSD
Description: NetBSD
ID:          NetBSD_64
Description: NetBSD (64 bit)
ID:          OS2Warp3
Description: OS/2 Warp 3
ID:          OS2Warp4
Description: OS/2 Warp 4
ID:          OS2Warp45
Description: OS/2 Warp 4.5
ID:          OS2eCS
Description: eComStation
ID:          OS2
Description: Other OS/2
ID:          MacOS
Description: Mac OS X Server
ID:          MacOS_64
Description: Mac OS X Server (64 bit)
ID:          DOS
Description: DOS
ID:          Netware
Description: Netware
ID:          L4
Description: L4
ID:          QNX
Description: QNX
ID:          JRockitVE
Description: JRockitVE

创建虚拟机

VBoxManage createvm --name centos6--ostype RedHat_64 --register --basefolder /var/lib/virtualbox
设置一些属性：
VBoxManage modifyvm centos6 --memory 2048 --cpus 2 --ioapic on --vram 16 --acpi on --pae on --hwvirtex on

 

创建虚拟硬盘

VBoxManage createvdi  --filename /var/lib/virtualbox/centos6.vdi --size 8096

创建硬盘控制器

VBoxManage storagectl centos6 --name storage_controller_1 --add sata

 

挂载虚拟硬盘和光盘

VBoxManage storageattach centos6 --storagectl storage_controller_1 --type hdd --port 0 --device 0  --medium /var/lib/eucalyptus/virtualbox/centos6.vdi
VBoxManage storageattach centos6 --storagectl storage_controller_1 --type dvddrive --port 1 --device 0 --medium /var/lib/eucalyptus/virtualbox/centos6.iso

打开vrde模块，可以用远程桌面连接

VBoxManage modifyvm centos6 --vrde on

 

设置启动顺序

VBoxManage modifyvm centos6 --boot1 dvd
VBoxManage modifyvm centos6  --boot2 disk

 

配置网络

VBoxManage modifyvm centos6 --nic1 bridged --cableconnected1 on --nictype1 82540EM --bridgeadapter1 em1 --intnet1 brigh1 --macaddress1 auto

 

启动虚拟机

VBoxHeadless -startvm centos6 &

 

VM启动后，可通过Windows 远程桌面连接进行安装操作系统。