操作环境
Centos 7
操作步骤
启动Container
先查看images,选择images启动container
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos6 ssh 98dd9dcf78e4 8 minutes ago 325 MB
centos6-mysqld latest 02d4792b8784 47 hours ago 396 MB
centos6-httpd latest 4a267ee811d7 2 days ago 311 MB
centos centos6 ae5cb7280ec3 8 days ago 195 MB
centos latest 98d35105a391 8 days ago 192 MB
registry latest 047218491f8c 2 weeks ago 33.2 MB
alpine latest 4a415e366388 2 weeks ago 3.98 MB
ubuntu latest 0ef2e08ed3fa 3 weeks ago 130 MB
hello-world latest 48b5124b2768 2 months ago 1.84 kB
shipyard/shipyard latest 36fb3dc0907d 5 months ago 58.8 MB
shipyard/rethinkdb latest 4841f0ad4547 21 months ago 296 MB
选择image id为ae5cb7280ec3启动container
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -t -i ae5cb7280ec3 /bin/bash
[root@71d285dfbe9c /]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:AC:11:00:04
inet addr:172.17.0.4 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::42:acff:fe11:4/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:508 (508.0 b) TX bytes:508 (508.0 b)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
[root@71d285dfbe9c /]#
docker run参数说明
-
-a stdin: 指定标准输入输出内容类型,可选 STDIN/STDOUT/STDERR 三项;
-
-d: 后台运行容器,并返回容器ID;
-
-i: 以交互模式运行容器,通常与 -t 同时使用;
-
-t: 为容器重新分配一个伪输入终端,通常与 -i 同时使用;
-
--name="nginx-lb": 为容器指定一个名称;
-
--dns 8.8.8.8: 指定容器使用的DNS服务器,默认和宿主一致;
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--dns-search example.com: 指定容器DNS搜索域名,默认和宿主一致;
-
-h "mars": 指定容器的hostname;
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-e username="ritchie": 设置环境变量;
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--env-file=[]: 从指定文件读入环境变量;
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--cpuset="0-2" or --cpuset="0,1,2": 绑定容器到指定CPU运行;
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-m :设置容器使用内存最大值;
-
--net="bridge": 指定容器的网络连接类型,支持 bridge/host/none/container: 四种类型;
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--link=[]: 添加链接到另一个容器;
-
--expose=[]: 开放一个端口或一组端口;
在启动Container后,很多时候在Container键入exit后,退出并关闭了container,下面通过docker exec进入正在运行中的container,在container中输入exit就只会退出container,而不关闭Container
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8449c3f9431d 98dd9dcf78e4 "/bin/bash" 36 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 0.0.0.0:50001->22/tcp priceless_nobel
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour distracted_mayer
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it 8449c3f9431d /bin/bash
[root@8449c3f9431d /]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:AC:11:00:03
inet addr:172.17.0.3 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::42:acff:fe11:3/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:648 (648.0 b) TX bytes:648 (648.0 b)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
[root@8449c3f9431d /]# exit
exit
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8449c3f9431d 98dd9dcf78e4 "/bin/bash" 36 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 0.0.0.0:50001->22/tcp priceless_nobel
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour distracted_mayer
查看Container
通过dock container以及docker ps都可以查看正在运行的container
[root@localhost ~]# docker container list
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
5a28d53937ea ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 34 minutes ago Up 34 minutes sad_mestorf
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 40 minutes ago Up 40 minutes distracted_mayer
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
5a28d53937ea ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 34 minutes ago Up 34 minutes sad_mestorf
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 40 minutes ago Up 40 minutes distracted_mayer
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
71d285dfbe9c ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 9 minutes ago Exited (0) 4 minutes ago musing_chandrasekhar
8449c3f9431d 98dd9dcf78e4 "/bin/bash" 15 minutes ago Exited (0) 11 minutes ago priceless_nobel
ed11ada5b09a 98dd9dcf78e4 "/bin/bash" 19 minutes ago Exited (0) 19 minutes ago upbeat_elion
5a28d53937ea ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 34 minutes ago Up 34 minutes sad_mestorf
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 40 minutes ago Up 40 minutes distracted_mayer
4be421499c03 98d35105a391 "/bin/bash" 41 minutes ago Exited (0) 40 minutes ago fervent_colden
12477223d2f2 02d4792b8784 "/bin/bash" 47 hours ago Exited (137) 41 hours ago zen_colden
f2d942287f95 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 47 hours ago Exited (0) 47 hours ago adoring_ride
23b421f6a6dc 4a267ee811d7 "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago vigilant_booth
95d5db56b776 centos6-httpd "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago nervous_euler
查看刚刚关闭的container
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -l
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
71d285dfbe9c ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 11 minutes ago Exited (0) 6 minutes ago musing_chandrasekhar
关闭Container
如下所示,当在Container中操作时,通过exit或者Ctrl+D就可以退出关闭Container,如下需要关闭Container Id为5a28d53937ea的Container,直接进入container后,键入exit
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
5a28d53937ea ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 35 minutes ago Up 35 minutes sad_mestorf
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 42 minutes ago Up 42 minutes distracted_mayer
[root@localhost ~]# docker attach 5a28d53937ea
[root@5a28d53937ea /]#
[root@5a28d53937ea /]#
[root@5a28d53937ea /]#
[root@5a28d53937ea /]# exit
exit
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 44 minutes ago Up 44 minutes distracted_mayer
退出并不关闭Container
在进入Container后,操作完成后,需要退出而并不关闭Container,在Container中输入[Ctrl+P]+[Ctrl+Q],就可以退出Container了
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 47 minutes ago Up 47 minutes distracted_mayer
[root@localhost ~]# docker attach 24c3e9cd5833
[root@24c3e9cd5833 /]#
[root@24c3e9cd5833 /]# [root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 48 minutes ago Up 48 minutes distracted_mayer
进入正在运行Container
通过docker attach进入正在运行的Container
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 52 minutes ago Up 52 minutes distracted_mayer
[root@localhost ~]# docker attach 24c3e9cd5833
[root@24c3e9cd5833 /]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:AC:11:00:02
inet addr:172.17.0.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::42:acff:fe11:2/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:53 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:4030 (3.9 KiB) TX bytes:928 (928.0 b)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
启动关闭状态的Container
通过docker start启动关闭的Container
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
71d285dfbe9c ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 22 minutes ago Exited (0) 17 minutes ago musing_chandrasekhar
8449c3f9431d 98dd9dcf78e4 "/bin/bash" 29 minutes ago Exited (0) 24 minutes ago priceless_nobel
ed11ada5b09a 98dd9dcf78e4 "/bin/bash" 32 minutes ago Exited (0) 32 minutes ago upbeat_elion
5a28d53937ea ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 47 minutes ago Exited (0) 9 minutes ago sad_mestorf
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 53 minutes ago Up 53 minutes distracted_mayer
4be421499c03 98d35105a391 "/bin/bash" 54 minutes ago Exited (0) 53 minutes ago fervent_colden
12477223d2f2 02d4792b8784 "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (137) 41 hours ago zen_colden
f2d942287f95 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago adoring_ride
23b421f6a6dc 4a267ee811d7 "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago vigilant_booth
95d5db56b776 centos6-httpd "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago nervous_euler
[root@localhost ~]# docker start 8449c3f9431d
8449c3f9431d
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8449c3f9431d 98dd9dcf78e4 "/bin/bash" 29 minutes ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:50001->22/tcp priceless_nobel
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 54 minutes ago Up 54 minutes distracted_mayer
删除Container
通过docker rm删除Container
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
71d285dfbe9c ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 25 minutes ago Exited (0) 20 minutes ago musing_chandrasekhar
8449c3f9431d 98dd9dcf78e4 "/bin/bash" 32 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:50001->22/tcp priceless_nobel
ed11ada5b09a 98dd9dcf78e4 "/bin/bash" 35 minutes ago Exited (0) 35 minutes ago upbeat_elion
5a28d53937ea ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 50 minutes ago Exited (0) 12 minutes ago sad_mestorf
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 56 minutes ago Up 56 minutes distracted_mayer
4be421499c03 98d35105a391 "/bin/bash" 57 minutes ago Exited (0) 56 minutes ago fervent_colden
12477223d2f2 02d4792b8784 "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (137) 42 hours ago zen_colden
f2d942287f95 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago adoring_ride
23b421f6a6dc 4a267ee811d7 "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago vigilant_booth
95d5db56b776 centos6-httpd "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago nervous_euler
[root@localhost ~]# docker rm 71d285dfbe9c
71d285dfbe9c
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8449c3f9431d 98dd9dcf78e4 "/bin/bash" 32 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:50001->22/tcp priceless_nobel
ed11ada5b09a 98dd9dcf78e4 "/bin/bash" 35 minutes ago Exited (0) 35 minutes ago upbeat_elion
5a28d53937ea ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 50 minutes ago Exited (0) 12 minutes ago sad_mestorf
24c3e9cd5833 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 56 minutes ago Up 56 minutes distracted_mayer
4be421499c03 98d35105a391 "/bin/bash" 57 minutes ago Exited (0) 57 minutes ago fervent_colden
12477223d2f2 02d4792b8784 "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (137) 42 hours ago zen_colden
f2d942287f95 ae5cb7280ec3 "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago adoring_ride
23b421f6a6dc 4a267ee811d7 "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago vigilant_booth
95d5db56b776 centos6-httpd "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago nervous_euler