中间镂空效果：A 视图上叠加 B视图，只显示B视图中间部分,达到好像中间镂空的效果

  UIView *bg = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];
    UIView *red = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];
    bg.backgroundColor = UIColor.blueColor;
    red.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    // Create a mask layer and the frame to determine what will be visible in the view.
    CAShapeLayer *maskLayer = [[CAShapeLayer alloc] init];
 
    
    // Create a path and add the rectangle in it.
    CGMutablePathRef path = CGPathCreateMutable();
    CGPathAddArc(path, nil, self.view.frame.size.width/2, self.view.frame.size.height/2, 20, 0, 2*3.14168, 0);
 
    
    // Set the path to the mask layer.
    [maskLayer setPath:path];
    
    // Release the path since it's not covered by ARC.
    CGPathRelease(path);
    
    // Set the mask of the view.
    bg.layer.mask = maskLayer;
    
    [self.view addSubview:red];
    [red addSubview:bg];