查找所有目录:ls -F | grep "/$"
说明:
-F参数:表示在每一个列举项目之后添加一个符号(/@*)来标记文件类型。
- / 表明是一个目录;
- @ 表明是到其它文件的符号链接;
- * 表明是一个可执行文件
grep "/$" 表示过滤所有以“/”结尾的,即所有的目录
例:ls -l -F /usr/lib
部分结果如下:
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 159264 7 4 2018 libtls.15.dylib
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 92032 7 4 2018 libtls.6.dylib
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 14 3 28 2018 libtls.dylib@ -> libtls.6.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 65728 7 4 2018 libtzupdate.dylib*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 892608 7 4 2018 libusrtcp.dylib*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 82144 7 4 2018 libutil.dylib*
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 13 3 28 2018 libutil1.0.dylib@ -> libutil.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 192784 3 28 2018 libxar.1.dylib*
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 14 3 28 2018 libxar.dylib@ -> libxar.1.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 30096 7 4 2018 libxcselect.dylib*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 2280384 7 4 2018 libxml2.2.dylib*
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 15 3 28 2018 libxml2.dylib@ -> libxml2.2.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 441904 7 4 2018 libxslt.1.dylib*
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 15 3 28 2018 libxslt.dylib@ -> libxslt.1.dylib
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 2040 10 7 2017 liby.a
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 12 3 28 2018 libz.1.1.3.dylib@ -> libz.1.dylib
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 12 3 28 2018 libz.1.2.11.dylib@ -> libz.1.dylib
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 12 3 28 2018 libz.1.2.5.dylib@ -> libz.1.dylib
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 12 3 28 2018 libz.1.2.8.dylib@ -> libz.1.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 186432 3 28 2018 libz.1.dylib*
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 12 3 28 2018 libz.dylib@ -> libz.1.dylib
drwxr-xr-x 13 root wheel 416 5 5 2019 log/
drwxr-xr-x 20 root wheel 640 5 5 2019 pam/
drwxr-xr-x 4 root wheel 128 2 8 2018 php/
drwxr-xr-x 11 root wheel 352 3 28 2018 pkgconfig/
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 75 3 28 2018 python2.7@ -> ../../System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7
还可以借助-al参数来查找
查找所有文件夹:ls -al | grep "^d"
说明:以d开头的都是目录
查找所有文件:ls -al | grep "^-"
说明:以-开头的都是文件
例:ls -al ~
部分结果如下
drwxr-xr-x+ 53 boweqiang staff 1696 1 19 15:13 .
drwxr-xr-x 5 root admin 160 11 14 09:43 ..
drwxr-xr-x 3 boweqiang staff 96 7 2 2019 .3T
-r-------- 1 boweqiang staff 9 1 1 2018 .CFUserTextEncoding
-rw-r--r--@ 1 boweqiang staff 22532 1 21 09:21 .DS_Store
drwxr-xr-x 8 boweqiang staff 256 9 11 16:03 .ShadowsocksX-NG
drwx------ 2 boweqiang staff 64 12 24 10:48 .Trash
drwxr-xr-x 6 boweqiang staff 192 12 17 17:20 .android
drwxr-xr-x 15 boweqiang staff 480 12 24 10:46 .atom
-rw------- 1 boweqiang staff 13034 12 24 10:47 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 boweqiang staff 722 12 17 18:18 .bash_profile
drwx------ 42 boweqiang staff 1344 12 24 10:48 .bash_sessions
drwx------ 3 boweqiang staff 96 5 16 2019 .cups
drwx------ 3 boweqiang staff 96 5 6 2019 .emacs.d
-rw------- 1 boweqiang staff 47 1 19 15:13 .git-credentials
-rw-r--r-- 1 boweqiang staff 902 6 18 2019 .gitconfig
drwxr-xr-x 4 boweqiang staff 128 12 9 17:52 .keras
drwxr-xr-x 4 boweqiang staff 128 12 11 19:19 .m2
drwxr-xr-x 2 boweqiang staff 64 5 15 2019 .matplotlib
drwxr-xr-x 4 boweqiang staff 128 6 12 2019 .oracle_jre_usage
drwxr-xr-x 3 boweqiang staff 96 12 17 11:24 .pip
-rw------- 1 root staff 5454 12 12 13:01 .sh_history
drwx------ 5 boweqiang staff 160 5 7 2019 .ssh
drwxr-xr-x 8 boweqiang staff 256 12 17 17:23 .uiautomator2
-rw------- 1 boweqiang staff 13406 12 17 18:18 .viminfo
drwxr-xr-x 4 boweqiang staff 128 12 17 17:53 .weditor
-rw-r--r-- 1 boweqiang staff 165 12 10 14:31 .wget-hsts
drwx------@ 3 boweqiang staff 96 12 24 10:51 Applications
drwx------+ 5 boweqiang staff 160 12 17 15:49 Desktop
drwx------+ 30 boweqiang staff 960 1 17 17:40 Documents
drwx------+ 106 boweqiang staff 3392 1 21 12:38 Downloads
drwx------+ 66 boweqiang staff 2112 12 17 11:40 Library
drwx------+ 3 boweqiang staff 96 1 1 2018 Movies
drwx------+ 3 boweqiang staff 96 1 1 2018 Music
drwx------@ 7 boweqiang staff 224 1 7 13:56 OneDrive
drwx------+ 11 boweqiang staff 352 12 16 16:00 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x+ 5 boweqiang staff 160 12 11 18:44 Public
drwxr-xr-x 6 root wheel 192 12 17 16:56 androidsdk
drwxr-xr-x 5 root wheel 160 12 11 19:45 ant-install
-rw-r--r-- 1 boweqiang staff 6066412 12 13 10:33 ant-install.tar.gz