HttpRequestHandler .java
处理所有HttpRequest请求
package com.chatroom.demo;
import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.*;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandler;
import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedNioFile;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.net.URL;
/**
* 如果该 HTTP 请求被发送到URI “/ws”,调用 FullHttpRequest 上的 retain(),并通过调用 fireChannelRead(msg) 转发到下一个 ChannelInboundHandler。retain() 是必要的,
* 因为 channelRead() 完成后,它会调用 FullHttpRequest 上的 release() 来释放其资源。 (请参考我们先前的 SimpleChannelInboundHandler 在第6章中讨论)
* 如果客户端发送的 HTTP 1.1 头是“Expect: 100-continue” ,将发送“100 Continue”的响应。
* 在 头被设置后,写一个 HttpResponse 返回给客户端。注意,这是不是 FullHttpResponse,唯一的反应的第一部分。此外,我们不使用 writeAndFlush() 在这里 - 这个是在最后完成。
* 如果没有加密也不压缩,要达到最大的效率可以是通过存储 index.html 的内容在一个 DefaultFileRegion 实现。这将利用零拷贝来执行传输。
* 出于这个原因,我们检查,看看是否有一个 SslHandler 在 ChannelPipeline 中。另外,我们使用 ChunkedNioFile。
* 写 LastHttpContent 来标记响应的结束,并终止它
* 如果不要求 keepalive ,添加 ChannelFutureListener 到 ChannelFuture 对象的最后写入,并关闭连接。注意,这里我们调用 writeAndFlush() 来刷新所有以前写的信息。
* */
//1.扩展 SimpleChannelInboundHandler 用于处理 FullHttpRequest信息
public class HttpRequestHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<FullHttpRequest> { //1
private final String wsUri;
private static final File INDEX;
static {
URL location = HttpRequestHandler.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation();
try {
String path = location.toURI() + "WebsocketChatClient.html";
path = !path.contains("file:") ? path : path.substring(5);
INDEX = new File(path);
} catch (URISyntaxException e) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to locate WebsocketChatClient.html", e);
}
}
public HttpRequestHandler(String wsUri) {
this.wsUri = wsUri;
}
@Override
public void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, FullHttpRequest request) throws Exception {
if (wsUri.equalsIgnoreCase(request.getUri())) {
// 2.如果请求是 WebSocket 升级,递增引用计数器(保留)
//
// ???并且将它传递给在 ChannelPipeline 中的下个 ChannelInboundHandler
// 直接为出口
ctx.fireChannelRead(request.retain()); //2
} else {
if (HttpHeaders.is100ContinueExpected(request)) {
// 3.处理符合 HTTP 1.1的 “100 Continue” 请求
send100Continue(ctx); //3
}
// 4.读取默认的 WebsocketChatClient.html 页面
RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile(INDEX, "r");//4
//****************************************************************************************************
HttpResponse response = new DefaultHttpResponse(request.getProtocolVersion(), HttpResponseStatus.OK);
response.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_TYPE, "text/html; charset=UTF-8");
boolean keepAlive = HttpHeaders.isKeepAlive(request);
// 5.判断 keepalive 是否在请求头里面
if (keepAlive) { //5
response.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH, file.length());
response.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONNECTION, HttpHeaders.Values.KEEP_ALIVE);
}
// 6.写 HttpResponse 到客户端
ctx.write(response); //6
// 7.写 index.html 到客户端,判断 SslHandler 是否在 ChannelPipeline 来决定是使用 DefaultFileRegion 还是 ChunkedNioFile
if (ctx.pipeline().get(SslHandler.class) == null) { //7
ctx.write(new DefaultFileRegion(file.getChannel(), 0, file.length()));
} else {
ctx.write(new ChunkedNioFile(file.getChannel()));
}
// 8.写并刷新 LastHttpContent 到客户端,标记响应完成
ChannelFuture future = ctx.writeAndFlush(LastHttpContent.EMPTY_LAST_CONTENT); //8
if (!keepAlive) {
// 9.如果 keepalive 没有要求,当写完成时,关闭 Channel
future.addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE); //9
}
//****************************************************************************************************
file.close();
}
}
private static void send100Continue(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpResponseStatus.CONTINUE);
ctx.writeAndFlush(response);
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
throws Exception {
Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
System.out.println("Client:"+incoming.remoteAddress()+"异常");
// 当出现异常就关闭连接
cause.printStackTrace();
ctx.close();
}
}
WebsocketChatServer.java
netty编写Server
package com.chatroom.demo;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
public class WebsocketChatServer {
private int port;
public WebsocketChatServer(int port) {
this.port = port;
}
public void run() throws Exception {
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); // (1)
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap(); // (2)
b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) // (3)
.childHandler(new WebsocketChatServerInitializer()) //(4)
.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128) // (5)
.childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true); // (6)
System.out.println("WebsocketChatServer 启动了");
// 绑定端口,开始接收进来的连接
ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync(); // (7)
// 等待服务器 socket 关闭 。
// 在这个例子中,这不会发生,但你可以优雅地关闭你的服务器。
f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
} finally {
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
System.out.println("WebsocketChatServer 关闭了");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
int port;
if (args.length > 0) {
port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
} else {
port = 8080;
}
new WebsocketChatServer(port).run();
}
}
WebsocketChatServerInitializer .java
Server所需的初始化器
package com.chatroom.demo;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerProtocolHandler;
import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;
public class WebsocketChatServerInitializer extends
ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> { //1
@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {//2
ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(64*1024));
pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());
pipeline.addLast(new HttpRequestHandler("/ws"));
pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/ws"));
pipeline.addLast(new TextWebSocketFrameHandler());
}
}
TextWebSocketFrameHandler .java
监听信息和连接状态
SimpleChannelInboundHandler生命周期解释连接
package com.chatroom.demo;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.channel.group.ChannelGroup;
import io.netty.channel.group.DefaultChannelGroup;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;
import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor;
//上面显示了 TextWebSocketFrameHandler 仅作了几件事:
// 当WebSocket 与新客户端已成功握手完成,通过写入信息到 ChannelGroup 中的 Channel 来通知所有连接的客户端,然后添加新 Channel 到 ChannelGroup
// 如果接收到 TextWebSocketFrame,调用 retain() ,并将其写、刷新到 ChannelGroup,使所有连接的 WebSocket Channel 都能接收到它。和以前一样,retain() 是必需的,因为当 channelRead0()返回时,TextWebSocketFrame 的引用计数将递减。由于所有操作都是异步的,writeAndFlush() 可能会在以后完成,我们不希望它来访问无效的引用。
// 由于 Netty 处理了其余大部分功能,唯一剩下的我们现在要做的是初始化 ChannelPipeline 给每一个创建的新的 Channel 。做到这一点,我们需要一个ChannelInitializer
//
//1.TextWebSocketFrameHandler 继承自 SimpleChannelInboundHandler,这个类实现了 ChannelInboundHandler 接口,ChannelInboundHandler 提供了许多事件处理的接口方法,然后你可以覆盖这些方法。现在仅仅只需要继承 SimpleChannelInboundHandler 类而不是你自己去实现接口方法。
public class TextWebSocketFrameHandler extends
SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> {
public static ChannelGroup channels = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);
// 覆盖了 channelRead0() 事件处理方法。每当从服务端读到客户端写入信息时,将信息转发给其他客户端的 Channel。其中如果你使用的是 Netty 5.x 版本时,需要把 channelRead0() 重命名为messageReceived()
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx,
TextWebSocketFrame msg) throws Exception { // (1)
Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
for (Channel channel : channels) {
if (channel != incoming){
channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("[" + incoming.remoteAddress() + "]" + msg.text()));
} else {
channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("[you]" + msg.text() ));
}
}
}
//2.覆盖了 handlerAdded() 事件处理方法。每当从服务端收到新的客户端连接时,客户端的 Channel 存入 ChannelGroup 列表中,并通知列表中的其他客户端 Channel
@Override
public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { // (2)
Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
for (Channel channel : channels) {
channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("[SERVER] - " + incoming.remoteAddress() + " 加入"));
}
channels.add(ctx.channel());
System.out.println("Client:"+incoming.remoteAddress() +"加入");
}
//3.覆盖了 handlerRemoved() 事件处理方法。每当从服务端收到客户端断开时,客户端的 Channel 移除 ChannelGroup 列表中,并通知列表中的其他客户端 Channel
@Override
public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { // (3)
Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
for (Channel channel : channels) {
channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("[SERVER] - " + incoming.remoteAddress() + " 离开"));
}
System.out.println("Client:"+incoming.remoteAddress() +"离开");
channels.remove(ctx.channel());
}
// 覆盖了 channelActive() 事件处理方法。服务端监听到客户端活动
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { // (5)
Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
System.out.println("Client:"+incoming.remoteAddress()+"在线");
}
// 6.覆盖了 channelInactive() 事件处理方法。服务端监听到客户端不活动
@Override
public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { // (6)
Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
System.out.println("Client:"+incoming.remoteAddress()+"掉线");
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
throws Exception {
Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
System.out.println("Client:"+incoming.remoteAddress()+"异常");
// 当出现异常就关闭连接
cause.printStackTrace();
ctx.close();
}
}
WebsocketChatClient.html
编写网页客户端
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>WebSocket Chat</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var socket;
if (!window.WebSocket) {
window.WebSocket = window.MozWebSocket;
}
if (window.WebSocket) {
socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/ws");
socket.onmessage = function(event) {
var ta = document.getElementById('responseText');
ta.value = ta.value + '\n' + event.data
};
socket.onopen = function(event) {
var ta = document.getElementById('responseText');
ta.value = "连接开启!";
};
socket.onclose = function(event) {
var ta = document.getElementById('responseText');
ta.value = ta.value + "连接被关闭";
};
} else {
alert("你的浏览器不支持 WebSocket!");
}
function send(message) {
if (!window.WebSocket) {
return;
}
if (socket.readyState == WebSocket.OPEN) {
socket.send(message);
} else {
alert("连接没有开启.");
}
}
</script>
<form onsubmit="return false;">
<h3>WebSocket 聊天室:</h3>
<textarea id="responseText" style="width: 500px; height: 300px;"></textarea>
<br>
<input type="text" name="message" style="width: 300px" value="Welcome to www.waylau.com">
<input type="button" value="发送消息" onclick="send(this.form.message.value)">
<input type="button" onclick="javascript:document.getElementById('responseText').value=''" value="清空聊天记录">
</form>
<br>
<br>
<a href="http://www.waylau.com/" >更多例子请访问 www.waylau.com</a>
</body>
</html>