1 简介
Amoeba(变形虫)项目是一个开源框架，于2008年开始发布一款 Amoeba for Mysql软件；这个软件致力于MySQL的分布式数据库前端代理层，它主要在应用层访问MySQL的时候充当SQL路由功能，专注于分布式数据库代理层（Database Proxy）开发；位于 Client、DB Server(s)之间,对客户端透明；具有负载均衡、高可用性、SQL 过滤、读写分离、可路由相关的请求到目标数据库、可并发请求多台数据库并合并结果；通过Amoeba你能够完成多数据源的高可用、负载均衡、数据切片的功能，目前Amoeba已在很多企业的生产线上面使用；
2 环境准备
mysql使用原有一主两从环境的四台机器，主从环境保持不变
mysql主 192.168.0.201
mysql从 192.168.0.202
mysql从 192.168.0.203
amoeba 192.168.0.204
mysql具体环境安装配置以及主从设置可以参考上一篇文章https://blog.51cto.com/superleedo/2419648
保持原有的一主两从环境正常使用，下面内容主要是amoeba的部署配置及使用
3 amoeba的安装配置
3.1 先安装java
yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk* -y
[root@localhost ~]# java -version openjdk version "1.8.0_212" OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_212-b04) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.212-b04, mixed mode)
设置环境变量
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.212.b04-0.el7_6.x86_64 正式环境请在/etc/profile 中声明
3.2 安装amoeba
下载安装包
两个地址选一个 wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/amoeba/files/Amoeba%20for%20mysql/3.x/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/amoeba/Amoeba%20for%20mysql/3.x/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip
解压amoeba包：
unzip amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip cd amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC
创建数据库授权用户：
在master和salve数据库中给amoeba授权一个mysql远程账户（一主两从都要创建账户）
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'amoeba'@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'amoeba' WITH GRANT OPTION; mysql> flush privileges; 并在主库上创建一个test数据库，供默认连接使用 mysql> create database test; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
3.3 修改配置文件dbServers.xml和amoeba.xml
cd amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/
修改 jvm.properties 根据自己机器内存大小调整 （调整-Xss为512k，默认的太小了）
JVM_OPTIONS="-server -Xms256m -Xmx1024m -Xss512k -XX:PermSize=16m -XX:MaxPermSize=96m"
cd conf/
修改dbServers.xml
vim dbServers.xml
<dbServer name="abstractServer" abstractive="true">
<factoryConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlServerConnectionFactory">
<property name="connectionManager">${defaultManager}</property>
<property name="sendBufferSize">64</property>
<property name="receiveBufferSize">128</property>
<!-- mysql port -->
<property name="port">3306</property> ## master和slave的数据库端口
<!-- mysql schema -->
<property name="schema">test</property> ##默认连接的数据库，必须保持之前创建的有
<!-- mysql user -->
<property name="user">amoeba</property> ##授权的数据库用户
<property name="password">amoeba</property> ##授权的数据库密码
</factoryConfig>
<poolConfig class="com.meidusa.toolkit.common.poolable.PoolableObjectPool">
<property name="maxActive">500</property>
<property name="maxIdle">500</property>
<property name="minIdle">1</property>
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis">600000</property>
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis">600000</property>
<property name="testOnBorrow">true</property>
<property name="testOnReturn">true</property>
<property name="testWhileIdle">true</property>
</poolConfig>
</dbServer>
<dbServer name="master" parent="abstractServer"> ##设置定义主机master
<factoryConfig>
<!-- mysql ip -->
<property name="ipAddress">192.168.0.201</property> ##master对应ip
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
<dbServer name="slave1" parent="abstractServer"> ##设置定义主机slave1
<factoryConfig>
<!-- mysql ip -->
<property name="ipAddress">192.168.0.202</property> ##slave1对应ip
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
<dbServer name="slave2" parent="abstractServer"> ##设置对应主机slave2
<factoryConfig>
<!-- mysql ip -->
<property name="ipAddress">192.168.0.203</property> ##slave2对应ip
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
<dbServer name="readservers" virtual="true"> ##设置只读连接池readservers
<poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool">
<!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA-->
<property name="loadbalance">1</property>
<!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 -->
<property name="poolNames">slave1,slave2</property> ##添加只读主机
</poolConfig>
</dbServer>
---------------------
vim amoeba.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?>
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:configuration SYSTEM "amoeba.dtd">
<amoeba:configuration xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/">
<proxy>
<!-- service class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service -->
<service name="Amoeba for Mysql" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MySQLService">
<!-- port -->
<property name="port">8066</property> ##默认amoeba的连接端口
<!-- bind ipAddress -->
<!--
<property name="ipAddress">127.0.0.1</property> ##amoeba 的本机ip
-->
<property name="connectionFactory">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlClientConnectionFactory">
<property name="sendBufferSize">128</property>
<property name="receiveBufferSize">64</property>
</bean>
</property>
<property name="authenticateProvider">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator">
<property name="user">root</property> ##设置连接8066端口的账户
<property name="password">123456</property> ##设置密码
<property name="filter">
<bean class="com.meidusa.toolkit.net.authenticate.server.IPAccessController">
<property name="ipFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/access_list.conf</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</property>
</service>
<runtime class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.context.MysqlRuntimeContext">
<!-- proxy server client process thread size -->
<property name="executeThreadSize">128</property>
<!-- per connection cache prepared statement size -->
<property name="statementCacheSize">500</property>
<!-- default charset -->
<property name="serverCharset">utf8</property>
<!-- query timeout( default: 60 second , TimeUnit:second) -->
<property name="queryTimeout">60</property>
</runtime>
</proxy>
<!--
Each ConnectionManager will start as thread
manager responsible for the Connection IO read , Death Detection
-->
<connectionManagerList>
<connectionManager name="defaultManager" class="com.meidusa.toolkit.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper">
<property name="subManagerClassName">com.meidusa.toolkit.net.AuthingableConnectionManager</property>
</connectionManager>
</connectionManagerList>
<!-- default using file loader -->
<dbServerLoader class="com.meidusa.amoeba.context.DBServerConfigFileLoader">
<property name="configFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/dbServers.xml</property>
</dbServerLoader>
<queryRouter class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.parser.MysqlQueryRouter">
<property name="ruleLoader">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.route.TableRuleFileLoader">
<property name="ruleFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/rule.xml</property>
<property name="functionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml</property>
</bean>
</property>
<property name="sqlFunctionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/functionMap.xml</property>
<property name="LRUMapSize">1500</property>
<property name="defaultPool">master</property> ##设置默认连接服务器
<property name="writePool">master</property> ##设置写服务器
<property name="readPool">readservers</property> #设置读服务器，连接池
<property name="needParse">true</property>
</queryRouter>
</amoeba:configuration>
----------------------------------
3.4 启动amoeba
/home/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/launcher > /var/log/amoeba.log 2>&1 &
3.5 连接amoeba 验证能否创建查询数据库
[root@localhost amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h127.0.0.1 -P 8066 MySQL [(none)]> create database newtest; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) MySQL [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | lili | | masu | | mysql | | newtest | | performance_schema | | sys | | test | | yan | +--------------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) 创建成功 MySQL [(none)]> use yan Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MySQL [yan]> select * from tom; +----+-----------+------+ | id | name | age | +----+-----------+------+ | 1 | zhangshan | 20 | | 2 | wangwu | 7 | | 3 | lisi | 23 | +----+-----------+------+ 3 rows in set (0.01 sec) -------------------------------------
3.6 从机器验证读的负载
先查看从机器Value 值 mysql202> show global status like 'Question%'; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | Questions | 56 | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql203> show global status like 'Question%'; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | Questions | 56 | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) ameoba执行一次select * from tom; 查看slave机器查询状态 mysql202> show global status like 'Question%'; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | Questions | 57 | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql203> show global status like 'Question%'; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | Questions | 58 | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) 显然访问的是203，步长为2的即为访问的机器） 经验证，ameoba再执行一次select * from tom; 202的 Value 值变为59,203为59,202的机器是查询访问机器。 由上面可知 读的负载均衡也是成功的。 且主机器上没有步长增加2，说明查询命令都在slave机器上分发执行了，由此推测读写已经分离。 如果想验证写是否真正分离，可以将salve的同步停掉--slave stop 然后在ameoba上执行创建数据库命令，回到三个数据库机器验证，查询下是否只有主机器上有新数据库。
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