spring注解开发

spring的bean管理（注解）

注解介绍：

1.  代码里面特殊标记，使用注解可以完成功能
2.  注解写法@注解名称（属性名=属性名）
3.  注解使用类上面，方法上面和属性下面

spring注解开发准备：

1、导入jar包(4个核心包，与两个日志包)，导入aop的jar包

2、创建类，创建方法

3、创建spring配置文件，引入约束

(1)做ioc的基本功能，引入约束beans

打开G:\spring-framework-4.3.7.RELEASE\docs\spring-framework-reference\html，里面的最后一个文件，找到该部分，粘贴：

(2)做spring的ioc注解开发，引入新的约束

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> 
        <!-- bean definitions here -->
<!-- 开启注解扫描(包含类，方法，属性) -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.anno"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

User.java

@Component(value = "user")
// 相当于<bean id="user" class="  "></bean>
public class User {
	public void add() {
		System.out.println("add()");
	}
}

测试:

public class TestAnno {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
				"bean2.xml");
		User user = (User) context.getBean("user");
		user.add();
		System.err.println(user);

	}
}

创建对象有四个注解：

spring中提供@Component的三个衍生注解（功能来讲一样）：

1. @controller     web层
2. @service         业务层
3. @Repository   持久层

这三个注解是为了让标注类本身的用途清晰，spring在后续版本对其增强：

注解注入属性：

1、创建service类，创建dao类，在service得到dao对象

进入属性第一个注解@Autowored

UserDao.java

@Component(value = "userdao")
public class UserDao {

	public void add() {
		System.out.println("userdao.add()");
	}
}

UserService.java

@Service(value="userservice")
public class UserService {
	@Autowired
	private UserDao userDao;
	public void add()
	{
		System.out.println("service");
		userDao.add();
	}

}

测试：

public class TestAnno2 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
				"bean2.xml");
		UserService userService = (UserService) context.getBean("userservice");
		userService.add();
	}

}

2、注入属性第二个注解，@Resource

UserDao.java

@Component(value = "userdao")
public class UserDao {

	public void add() {
		System.out.println("userdao.add()");
	}
}

UserService.java

@Service(value="userservice")
public class UserService {
	@Resource(name="userdao")
	private UserDao userDao;
	public void add()
	{
		System.out.println("service");
		userDao.add();
	}
}

测试：

public class TestAnno2 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
				"bean2.xml");
		UserService userService = (UserService) context.getBean("userservice");
		userService.add();
	}

}

配置文件和注解混合使用：

1、创建对象操作使用配置文件方式实现

2、注入属性操作使用注解方式实现

BookSerivce.java

public class BookService {
	@Resource(name="bookDao")
	private BookDao bookDao;
	@Resource(name="orderDao")
	private OrderDao orderDao;
	public void add()
	{
		System.out.println("bookservice");
		bookDao.book();
		orderDao.buy();
	}

}

BookDao.java

public class BookDao {
	public void book()
	{
		System.out.println("book dao");
	}

}

OrderDao.java

public class OrderDao {
	public void buy()
	{
		System.out.println("orderdao.buy()");
	}

}

bean2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> 
        <!-- bean definitions here -->
<!-- 开启注解扫描(包含类，方法，属性) -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.anno"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置对象 -->
<bean id="bookService" class="cn.itcast.anno.BookService"></bean>
<bean id="bookDao" class="cn.itcast.anno.BookDao"></bean>
<bean id="orderDao" class="cn.itcast.anno.OrderDao"></bean>
</beans>

测试：

public class TestAnno3 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
				"bean2.xml");
		BookService bookService  = (BookService) context.getBean("bookService");
		bookService.add();
	}

}