今天看了下有点搞明白select在socket中的用法了;
比如如果定义了多个socket 来读写,在写代码的时候
int i, n; char buf[1024]; for (i=0; i < n_sockets; ++i) fcntl(fd[i], F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK); while (i_still_want_to_read()) { for (i=0; i < n_sockets; ++i) { n = recv(fd[i], buf, sizeof(buf), 0); if (n == 0) { handle_close(fd[i]); } else if (n < 0) { if (errno == EAGAIN) ; /* The kernel didn't have any data for us to read. */ else handle_error(fd[i], errno); } else { handle_input(fd[i], buf, n); } } }
这里for循环限制了读取顺序是0,1,2 按照fd数组来,网络事件谁知道哪个先来呢?如果2在1之前先来,2就被阻塞了,这样就灰常不爽;
所以可以select;
上面的例子用了select就可以让操作系统按照事件先后来通知自己,而不需要自己遍历。这是不是很大的进步,哈哈。void run(void) { int listener; struct fd_state *state[FD_SETSIZE]; struct sockaddr_in sin; int i, maxfd; fd_set readset, writeset, exset; sin.sin_family = AF_INET; sin.sin_addr.s_addr = 0; sin.sin_port = htons(40713); for (i = 0; i < FD_SETSIZE; ++i) state[i] = NULL; listener = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); make_nonblocking(listener); #ifndef WIN32 { int one = 1; setsockopt(listener, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &one, sizeof(one)); } #endif if (bind(listener, (struct sockaddr*)&sin, sizeof(sin)) < 0) { perror("bind"); return; } if (listen(listener, 16)<0) { perror("listen"); return; } FD_ZERO(&readset); FD_ZERO(&writeset); FD_ZERO(&exset); while (1) { maxfd = listener; FD_ZERO(&readset); FD_ZERO(&writeset); FD_ZERO(&exset); FD_SET(listener, &readset); for (i=0; i < FD_SETSIZE; ++i) { if (state[i]) { if (i > maxfd) maxfd = i; FD_SET(i, &readset); if (state[i]->writing) { FD_SET(i, &writeset); } } } if (select(maxfd+1, &readset, &writeset, &exset, NULL) < 0) { perror("select"); return; } if (FD_ISSET(listener, &readset)) { struct sockaddr_storage ss; socklen_t slen = sizeof(ss); int fd = accept(listener, (struct sockaddr*)&ss, &slen); if (fd < 0) { perror("accept"); } else if (fd > FD_SETSIZE) { close(fd); } else { make_nonblocking(fd); state[fd] = alloc_fd_state(); assert(state[fd]);/*XXX*/ } } for (i=0; i < maxfd+1; ++i) { int r = 0; if (i == listener) continue; if (FD_ISSET(i, &readset)) { r = do_read(i, state[i]); } if (r == 0 && FD_ISSET(i, &writeset)) { r = do_write(i, state[i]); } if (r) { free_fd_state(state[i]); state[i] = NULL; close(i); } } } }
嗯,就这样了,希望对这个问题解释了些皮毛,当然select也有缺点 fd数组大小有限制,一般也不会超上限。
但不爽的是 仍然需要一个while循环 来搞,尼玛 即便木有事件来,也空转cpu,跟第一个例子木有本质区别,你说是吧。