安装
pip install pytest -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/测试用例
- 测试用例要遵从test_xx.py或者xx_test.py的命名规则
- 类名也要遵从上述命名规则 - TestListRevers
运行方式
通过标记表达式执行
pytest -m demo
这条命令会执行被装饰器@pytest.mark.demo装饰的所有测试用例
生成html报告:
pytest -m demo --html=Report/report.html
生成xml报告:
pytest -m demo --junitxml=Report/report.xml
运行指定模块:
pytest -m demo --html=Report/report.html TestCases/test_pytest.py
运行指定测试目录
pytest -m demo --html=Report/report.html TestCases/
通过节点id来运行:
pytest TestCases/test_pytest.py::TestDemo::test_demo01
通过关键字表达式过滤执行
pytest -k "MyClass and not method"
这条命令会匹配文件名、类名、方法名匹配表达式的用例
pytest.main(["-m","demo","--html=Report/report.html"])
获取用例执行性能数据
获取最慢的10个用例的执行耗时
pytest --durations=10mark测试用例
import pytest
class TestListRevers:
def test_list_revers(self):
params = [1, 2, 3, 4]
result = ListRevers(params).list_revers()
print(result)
assert result is [4, 3, 2, 1]
@pytest.mark.others
def test_list_others(self):
assert 1 == "1"测试用例参数化
from buisiness.list_reverse import ListRevers
import pytest
class TestListRevers:
def test_list_revers(self):
params = [1, 2, 3, 4]
result = ListRevers(params).list_revers()
print(result)
assert result is [4, 3, 2, 1]
@pytest.mark.others
def test_list_others(self):
assert 1 == "1"
@pytest.fixture
def input_value_inner(self):
input = 39
return input
def test_divisible_by_3(self, input_value_inner):
assert input_value_inner % 3 == 0
def test_divisible_by_6(self, input_value):
assert input_value % 6 == 0
# 测试用例参数化在这里，使用的思路和unittest框架基本一样
@pytest.mark.parametrize("num,output", [(1, 11), (2, 22), (3, 35), (4, 44)])
def test_multiplication_11(self, num, output):
assert 11 * num == output
测试用例setup和teardown
by class
from pytestDemo.business.calulator import Caculator
import pytest
# 注意在这里只执行了setup_class的而且其他都没有执行
# pytest的断言使用的是assert
class TestExample:
# 注意pytest不能有 __init__方法
# def __init__(self):
# print("初始化")
# 定义一个全局变量
# 开始于每个模块的环境准备
def setup_module(self):
print("\n===这是setup_module====")
def teardown_module(self):
print("\n===这是teardown_module====")
def setup(self):
print("\n===setup====")
def teardown(self):
print("\n===teardown====")
# 开始于买个function,类中不能有function的东西
# def setup_function(self):
# print("\n===setup_function====")
# # global cal
# self.cal = Caculator()
#
# def teardown_function(self):
# print("\n===teardown_function====")
def setup_class(self):
print("\n===setup_class====")
# global cal
self.cal = Caculator()
def teardown_class(self):
print("\n===teardown_class====")
def test_div_01(self):
print("TC01")
actual = self.cal.divide(10, 5)
expect = 2
assert expect == actual
def test_div_02(self):
print("TC02")
actual = self.cal.divide(10, 2)
expect = 5
assert expect == actual# unittest 框架
import unittest
import pytest
class TestMyCases(unittest.testcase):
def setup(self):
print("每个个测试用例前先执行")
def teardown(self):
print("每个测试用例后先执行")
def test_01(self):
print("this is tcs")
# 推荐使用fixture
@pytest.fixture(name="tcs",scope="function")
def tcs_fixture():
print("pytest执行")by function
from pytestDemo.business.calulator import Caculator
import pytest
def setup():
print("\n===setup====")
def teardown():
print("\n===teardown====")
def setup_class():
print("\n===setup_class====")
# global cal
def teardown_class():
print("\n===teardown_class====")
def setup_function():
print("\n===setup_function====")
# global cal
def teardown_function():
print("\n===teardown_function====")
def test_div_01():
print("TC01")
actual = Caculator().divide(10, 5)
expect = 2
assert expect == actual
def test_div_02():
print("TC02")
actual = Caculator().divide(10, 2)
expect = 5
assert expect == actualby fixture and 指定用法
from pytestDemo.business.calulator import Caculator
import pytest
#(scope="function",autouse=True)
@pytest.fixture
def setup_teardown():
print("\n===setup====by fixture")
yield
print("\n====teardown====by fixture")
def test_div_01(setup_teardown):
print("TC01")
actual = Caculator().divide(10, 5)
expect = 2
assert expect == actual
def test_div_02(setup_teardown):
print("TC02")
actual = Caculator().divide(10, 2)
expect = 5
assert expect == actualby fixture and autouse
from pytestDemo.business.calulator import Caculator
import pytest
#(scope="function",autouse=True)
@pytest.fixture(scope="function",autouse=True)
def setup_teardown():
print("\n===setup====by fixture")
yield
print("\n====teardown====by fixture")
def test_div_01():
print("TC01")
actual = Caculator().divide(10, 5)
expect = 2
assert expect == actual
def test_div_02():
print("TC02")
actual = Caculator().divide(10, 2)
expect = 5
assert expect == actualfixture至于conftest.py文件作为setup和teardown使用
conftest.py文件内容
import pytest
@pytest.fixture
def input_value():
input = 39
return input
@pytest.fixture
def my_setup():
print("执行setup,这个放在conftest.py")
@pytest.fixture(scope="function", autouse=True)
def my_setup2():
print("执行setup,这个放在conftest.py")
yield
print("执行teardown,这个放在conftest.py")测试用例部分
from buisiness.list_reverse import ListRevers
import pytest
class TestListRevers:
@pytest.mark.parametrize("num,output", [(1, 11), (2, 22), (3, 35), (4, 44)])
def test_multiplication_11(self, my_setup, num, output):
assert 11 * num == output
@pytest.mark.parametrize("num,output", [(1, 11), (2, 22), (3, 35), (4, 44)])
def test_multiplication_12(self, num, output):
assert 11 * num == output
fixture scope & order
fixture 都是在 test 第一次调用时创建，根据 scope 的不同有不同的运行和销毁方式
function 每个函数运行一次，函数结束时销毁
class 每个类运行一次，类结束时销毁
module 每个模块运行一次，模块结束时销毁
package 每个包运行一次，包结束时销毁
session 每个会话运行一次，会话结束时销毁
fixture 的顺序优先按 scope 从大到小，session > package > module > class > function。
如果 scope 相同，就按 test 调用先后顺序，以及 fixture 之间的依赖关系。
autouse 的 fixture 会优先于相同 scope 的其他 fixture。执行命令
命令行
pytest file.py -v
pytest -k <substring> -v
pytest -m others -v # 执行测试用例中标记为others的测试用例自动测试测试框架执行层
# from commandline use
# pytest.py -s pyfile.py
import sys
import pytest
import os
# print(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
class PytestRunner:
def __init__(self):
ROOT_DIR3 = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
print(ROOT_DIR3)
def pytest_runner(self):
# -s 显示打印print信息
# pytest.main(["../pytest_example/test_onefunction.py","-s","--verbose"])
# pytest.main(["../pytest_example/pytest_traditonbyFunction.py", "-s", "--verbose"])
# pytest.main(["../pytest_example/pytest_traditionByClass.py", "-s", "--verbose"])
#指定某一个用例
# pytest.main(["../pytest_example/pytest_traditionByClass.py::TestExample::test_div_02", "-s", "--verbose"])
# 指定包含有特定的内容,目录和模块最好使用test开头 v显示显示详细信息, 执行测试方法包换wxf的测试用例
# pytest.main(["../pytest_example","-k","wxf","-sv","--verbose"])
# 运行smoke 测试用例
# pytest.main(["../test_cases","-m","error and not smoke","-sv","--verbose"])
pass
def os_runner(self):
abspath = os.path.abspath(".") # 获取当前位置绝对路径
abspath2 = os.path.abspath(__file__) # 获取当前文件的所在的绝对路径 - pytest_perform.py
basename = os.path.basename(abspath) # 获取当前文件的主名字而不包括扩展名
file_split = os.path.split(__file__) # 获取文件绝对路径以及本文件名字
ROOT_DIR1 = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
ROOT_DIR2 = os.path.dirname(sys.modules['__main__'].__file__)
# 找到项目的主目录入口，是由本文件在目录结构中的位置决定的，也就是决定了向上几层
ROOT_DIR3 = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
sys.path.append(ROOT_DIR3) # 临时添加pythonpath中，退出后不在存在
os.system("pytest -s --verbose ")
if __name__ == '__main__':
mytest = PytestRunner()
# mytest.os_runner()
mytest.pytest_runner()conftest.py作用
一个测试工程下是可以有多个conftest.py的文件，一般在工程根目录放一个conftest.py起到全局作用。在不同的测试子目录也可以放conftest.py，作用范围只在该层级以及以下目录生效。
pytest Report
HTML Report
pip install pytest-html -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/生成报告
pytest.main(["../test_cases_pytest",
"-k","test_zdemo","-s",
"--html=../report/report.html", "--self-contained-html",
"--capture=sys"])pytest-html添加截图
import pytest
# from selenium import webdriver
from mydriver.mydriver import Mydriver
from py._xmlgen import html
_browser = None
@pytest.fixture()
def driver():
mydriver = Mydriver()
global _browser
_browser = mydriver.driver
yield _browser
_browser.quit()
def _capture_screenshot():
'''截图保存为base64'''
# driver.get_screenshot_as_base64
# print(driver, "------------------------")
if _browser:
return _browser.get_screenshot_as_base64()
@pytest.mark.hookwrapper
def pytest_runtest_makereport(item):
"""当测试失败的时候，自动截图，展示到html报告中"""
pytest_html = item.config.pluginmanager.getplugin('html')
outcome = yield
report = outcome.get_result()
extra = getattr(report, 'extra', [])
if report.when == 'call' or report.when == "setup":
xfail = hasattr(report, 'wasxfail')
if (report.skipped and xfail) or (report.failed and not xfail):
file_name = report.nodeid.replace("::", "_") + ".png"
screen_img = _capture_screenshot()
# screen_img = driver.get_screenshot_as_base64()
if file_name:
html = '<div><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010701235748897.png" alt="screenshot" style="width:600px;height:300px;" ' \
'onclick="window.open(this.src)" align="right"/></div>' % screen_img
extra.append(pytest_html.extras.html(html))
report.extra = extrapytest-allure报告
安装Allure Pytest Plugin
pip install allure-pytest -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/生成测试报告数据和报告
第一步，生成测试报告数据
在py.test执行测试的时候，指定–alluredir选项及结果数据保存的目录：
py.test test/ --alluredir ./result/
./result/中保存了本次测试的结果数据。另外，还可以执行指定features或者stories执行一部分测试用例，比如执行”购物车功能“下的”加入购物车“子功能的测试用例：
py.test test/ --allure_features='购物车功能' --allure_stories='加入购物车'
第二步，生成测试报告页面
通过下面的命令将./result/目录下的测试数据生成测试报告页面：
allure generate ./result/ -o ./report/ --clean
–clean选项目的是先清空测试报告目录，再生成新的测试报告。下载allure程序
https://github.com/allure-framework/allure2/releases配置环境变量
- 将 allure.bat所在路径配置到系统环境变量path
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