WPF（通用转换器）

1.MathConverter

有时候我们想在XAML中对绑定的数据进行数值运算转换，就需要这个转换器了。

这个NuGet包可以使字符串进行数据运算。

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows.Data;
using NCalc;

[ValueConversion(typeof(decimal), typeof(string))]
public class MathConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        string expressionString = parameter as string;
        expressionString = expressionString.Replace(" ", "");
        expressionString = expressionString.Replace("@Value", value.ToString());
        return new Expression(expressionString).Evaluate();
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

<Window x:Class="WpfApp2.Window2"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApp2"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="Window2" Height="450" Width="800">
    <Grid>
        <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition/>
            <ColumnDefinition/>
            <ColumnDefinition/>
        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition/>
            <RowDefinition Height="50"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="80"/>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <Grid.Resources>
            <local:MathConverter x:Key="math"/>
            <Style TargetType="Button">
                <Setter Property="Template">
                    <Setter.Value>
                        <ControlTemplate TargetType="Button">
                            <Border CornerRadius="{TemplateBinding ActualWidth,Converter={StaticResource math},ConverterParameter=(@Value/2)}" 
                                    BorderBrush="Green" BorderThickness="2" Background="Brown">
                                <ContentPresenter Content="{TemplateBinding Content}" VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}" 
                                                  HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}"/>
                            </Border>
                        </ControlTemplate>
                    </Setter.Value>
                </Setter>
            </Style>
        </Grid.Resources>
        <Button Content="Button"/>
        <Button Content="Button" Grid.Row="1"/>
        <Button Content="Button" Grid.Row="2"/>
    </Grid>
</Window>

 2.DateConverter

 当我们将时间转换为字符串时，会根据需要选择时间格式或者要显示的时分秒，这时候就需要进行相应的转换了。

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows.Data;

[ValueConversion(typeof(DateTime), typeof(string))]
public class DateConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public string Format { get; set; } = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff";

    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        DateTime dt = (DateTime)value;
        return dt.ToString(Format);
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        return DateTime.Parse(value.ToString());
    }
}

3.ImageConverter 

通过该转换可以将字节数组转换为BitmapImage，可以直接在XAML中进行转换显示。 

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.IO;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;

[ValueConversion(typeof(BitmapImage), typeof(byte[]))]
public class ImageConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        BitmapImage bitmap = new BitmapImage();
        byte[] barr = value as byte[];
        bitmap.BeginInit();
        bitmap.StreamSource = new MemoryStream(barr);
        bitmap.EndInit();
        bitmap.Freeze();
        return bitmap;
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        return value;
    }
}

4.MultiValueConverter 

在学习的时候有个苦恼，就是不能有一个自适应的圆，不能根据长宽自适应设置倒角。下面通过多绑定+数据转换设计一个自适应的Button。

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows.Data;

[ValueConversion(typeof(double), typeof(double[]))]
public class RoundMathConverter : IMultiValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object[] values, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        if (values.Length != 2)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
        double d1 = (double)values[0];
        double d2 = (double)values[1];
        return Math.Min(d1, d2);
    }

    public object[] ConvertBack(object value, Type[] targetTypes, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

[ValueConversion(typeof(System.Windows.CornerRadius), typeof(double[]))]
public class RoundRadiusConverter : IMultiValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object[] values, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        if (values.Length != 2)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
        double d1 = (double)values[0];
        double d2 = (double)values[1];
        return new System.Windows.CornerRadius(Math.Min(d1, d2));
    }

    public object[] ConvertBack(object value, Type[] targetTypes, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

<Window x:Class="WpfApp2.Window2" 
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" 
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" 
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApp2" 
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
        Title="Window2" Width="800" Height="450" mc:Ignorable="d">
    <Grid>
        <Button Background="Brown" BorderBrush="Green" BorderThickness="2">
            <Button.Template>
                <ControlTemplate TargetType="Button">
                    <Border Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}">
                        <Border.CornerRadius>
                            <MultiBinding>
                                <MultiBinding.Converter>
                                    <local:RoundRadiusConverter />
                                </MultiBinding.Converter>
                                <Binding Path="ActualWidth" RelativeSource="{RelativeSource Mode=TemplatedParent}" />
                                <Binding Path="ActualHeight" RelativeSource="{RelativeSource Mode=TemplatedParent}" />
                            </MultiBinding>
                        </Border.CornerRadius>
                        <Border.Width>
                            <MultiBinding>
                                <MultiBinding.Converter>
                                    <local:RoundMathConverter />
                                </MultiBinding.Converter>
                                <Binding Path="ActualWidth" RelativeSource="{RelativeSource Mode=TemplatedParent}" />
                                <Binding Path="ActualHeight" RelativeSource="{RelativeSource Mode=TemplatedParent}" />
                            </MultiBinding>
                        </Border.Width>
                        <Border.Height>
                            <MultiBinding>
                                <MultiBinding.Converter>
                                    <local:RoundMathConverter />
                                </MultiBinding.Converter>
                                <Binding Path="ActualWidth" RelativeSource="{RelativeSource Mode=TemplatedParent}" />
                                <Binding Path="ActualHeight" RelativeSource="{RelativeSource Mode=TemplatedParent}" />
                            </MultiBinding>
                        </Border.Height>
                    </Border>
                </ControlTemplate>
            </Button.Template>
        </Button>
    </Grid>
</Window>