Elixir 将bitstring或list转为整型数

MARC（机读目录格式）数据的前5个字节为MARC条目的长度，为了读取整条数据，首先知道该条目的数据长度是多少。由于MARC数据的长度是以字符串形式存储的，需要将字符串转为整数。经过查找相关的资料，发现Elixir并没有提供相关的转换函数（或许是我没找到），只好自己手工写了一个：

# 转换模块 包含三个函数
# chr2num: 将字符转为数值
# str2int: 将bitstring或list转为整数
defmodule Converter do
    def chr2num(char) when char in ?0..?9, do: char - ?0
	def chr2num(_), do: raise "参数的取值范围为#{?0}..#{?9}！"

	def str2int(string) when is_binary(string), do: str2int(to_charlist(string))

	def str2int([ ?- | tail ]), do: str2int(tail) * -1
	def str2int([ ?+ | tail ]), do: str2int(tail)
	def str2int(tail) when is_list(tail), do: _str2int(tail, 0)

	
	defp _str2int([], value), do: value
	defp _str2int([ digit | tail ], value) 
		when digit in ?0..?9, do: 
			_str2int(tail, value * 10 + chr2num(digit))
	defp _str2int([ non_digit | _ ], _), do: raise "无效的数字：'#{[non_digit]}'！"
end

执行结果：

iex(32)> {:ok, file} = File.open("marc.iso")         
{:ok, #PID<0.111.0>}
iex(33)> marc = IO.read(file, :line)                 
<<48, 49, 53, 49, 49, 110, 97, 109, 48, 32, 50, 50, 48, 48, 50, 55, 55, 32, 32,
  32, 52, 53, 48, 32, 48, 48, 53, 48, 48, 49, 55, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 49,
  48, 48, 48, 51, 50, 48, 48, 48, 49, 55, 49, 48, ...>>
iex(34)> <<length::binary-size(5), _::binary>> = marc
<<48, 49, 53, 49, 49, 110, 97, 109, 48, 32, 50, 50, 48, 48, 50, 55, 55, 32, 32,
  32, 52, 53, 48, 32, 48, 48, 53, 48, 48, 49, 55, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 49,
  48, 48, 48, 51, 50, 48, 48, 48, 49, 55, 49, 48, ...>>
iex(35)> length
"01511"
iex(36)> Converter.str2int(length)                   
1511
iex(37)>