JPA之第一个JPA程序

视频讲解使用的Hibernate3.4，自己做测试使用的是Hibernate5.5.1.-Final版本，通过测试可用。

1、项目目录结构

2、将JPA必要的jar包拷贝的工程的classpath路径下，红色部分，另外还需要数据库驱动包

3、在src目录下新建META-INF目录，并新建persistence.xml文件，配置好数据库和方言等

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd"
	version="2.0">
	<!-- 实体bean的集合,name可以自定义,这里采用的本地事务 -->
	<persistence-unit name="sunft_first" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
		<properties>
			<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect" />
			<!-- 当表不存在时,才会创建表 -->
			<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />
			<!-- 配置数据库信息 -->
			<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver" />
			<property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root" />
			<property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="root" />
			<property name="hibernate.connection.url"
				value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jdbc?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />
			<!-- 配置Hibernate抓取深度 -->
			<property name="hibernate.max_fetch_depth" value="3" />
		</properties>
	</persistence-unit>
</persistence>

4、新建实体类Person.java

package cn.sunft.bean;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class Person {
	
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	
	public Person() {
		super();
	}

	public Person(String name) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
	}

	//也可以直接标注在属性上
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
}

5、编写测试类进行测试

package junit.test;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import cn.sunft.bean.Person;

/**
 * 对Person类进行单元测试
 */
public class PersonTest {
	
	@Before
	public void setUpBeforeClass() {
		
	}
	
	@Test
	public void save() {
		//创建工厂的时候就会创建表,参数值与persistence.xml中的必须一致
		EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory 
		= Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("sunft_first");
		EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
		entityManager.getTransaction().begin();//开启事务
		entityManager.persist(new Person("卡卡罗特"));
		entityManager.getTransaction().commit();//提交事务
		entityManager.close();
		entityManagerFactory.close();
	}
	
}

6、数据库中的结果