linux 信号

1. 信号处理函数为多个线程共享。

2. 线程的私有信号在该线程被调度的时候传递（信号处理函数被处理）

 

pthread_kill()本质上调用tkill(), tgkill().

 

两个例子说明上述情况:

1. 信号处理函数为多个线程共享。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <string.h>

class Prep_Test {
public:
    Prep_Test() {
        cancel_flag = 0;
        id = 0;
    };
static void* prepWrapper(void* args);
int cancel_flag;
pthread_t id;
};

class State_Test {
public:
    State_Test() {
        cancel_flag = 0;
        id = 0;
    };
static void* stateWrapper(void* args);
int cancel_flag;
pthread_t id;
};

class SIG_HANDLER {
public:
    SIG_HANDLER() {
        prepID[0] = 0;
        prepID[1] = 0;
        prepID[2] = 0;
        stateID = 0;
    };
    Prep_Test prepTest[3];
    State_Test stateTest;
    pthread_t prepID[3];
    pthread_t stateID;
};

SIG_HANDLER sigHandler;

void sighandler(int signo) {
    pthread_t id = pthread_self();
    printf("sighandler state thread id = %lu\n", id);
    sigHandler.stateTest.cancel_flag = true;
}

void sighandler2(int signo) {
    pthread_t id = pthread_self();
    printf("sighandler prep thread id = %lu\n", id);
    if (signo = SIGTERM) {
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
                if (id == sigHandler.prepID[i]) {
                    sigHandler.prepTest[i].cancel_flag = true;
                }
            }
    }
}

void * Prep_Test::prepWrapper(void* args) {
    int rc;
    sigset_t set;
    sigemptyset(&set);
    sigaddset(&set, SIGTERM);
    Prep_Test * p = (Prep_Test *)args;
    if (p == NULL) return NULL;

    struct sigaction actions;
    memset(&actions, 0, sizeof(actions));
    sigemptyset(&actions.sa_mask);
    actions.sa_flags = 0;
    actions.sa_handler = sighandler2;

    rc = sigaction(SIGTERM, &actions, NULL);
    printf("install prep sig action rc = %d\n", rc);

    while(!(p->cancel_flag)) {

        printf("prep thread %lu before sleep\n", pthread_self());
        int rc = 0;//sleep(5);
        printf("prep thread %lu after sleep %d\n", pthread_self(), rc);
    }
    printf("prep thread %lu exit\n", pthread_self());
    p->cancel_flag = false;
    return NULL;
}

void * State_Test::stateWrapper(void* args) {
    int rc;
    sigset_t set;
    sigemptyset(&set);
    sigaddset(&set, SIGTERM);
    State_Test * p = (State_Test *)args;
    if (p == NULL) return NULL;

    struct sigaction actions;
    memset(&actions, 0, sizeof(actions));
    sigemptyset(&actions.sa_mask);
    actions.sa_flags = 0;
    actions.sa_handler = sighandler;

    rc = sigaction(SIGTERM, &actions, NULL);
    printf("install state sig action rc = %d\n", rc);

    while(!(p->cancel_flag)) {
        printf("state thread %lu before sleep\n", pthread_self());
        int rc = 0;//sleep(5);
        printf("state thread %lu after sleep %d\n", pthread_self(), rc);
    }
    printf("state thread %lu exit\n", pthread_self());
    p->cancel_flag = false;
    return NULL;
}

int main() {
    int rc;

    rc = pthread_create(&(sigHandler.stateID), NULL, State_Test::stateWrapper, &(sigHandler.stateTest));
    printf("create state thread rc = %d, id = %lu\n", rc, sigHandler.stateID);

    rc = pthread_create(&(sigHandler.prepID[0]), NULL, Prep_Test::prepWrapper, &(sigHandler.prepTest[0]));
    printf("create prep 0 thread rc = %d, id = %lu\n", rc, sigHandler.prepID[0]);

    rc = pthread_create(&(sigHandler.prepID[1]), NULL, Prep_Test::prepWrapper, &(sigHandler.prepTest[1]));
    printf("create prep 1 thread rc = %d, id = %lu\n", rc, sigHandler.prepID[1]);

    rc = pthread_create(&(sigHandler.prepID[2]), NULL, Prep_Test::prepWrapper, &(sigHandler.prepTest[2]));
    printf("create prep 2 thread rc = %d, id = %lu\n", rc, sigHandler.prepID[2]);

    sleep(3);
    printf("___________________________\n");
    printf("cancel state id = %lu\n", sigHandler.stateID);
    pthread_kill(sigHandler.stateID, SIGTERM);
    printf("brfore main sleep\n");
    sleep(2);
    printf("after main sleep\n");

    return 0;
}

 

在运行之后， state线程的信号处理函数变成了prep线程的信号处理函数， 可见被替换， 只有一个信号处理函数。

 

 

2. 线程的私有信号在该线程被调度的时候传递（信号处理函数被处理）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <string.h>

class Prep_Test {
public:
    Prep_Test() {
        cancel_flag = 0;
        id = 0;
    };
static void* prepWrapper(void* args);
int cancel_flag;
pthread_t id;
};

void * Prep_Test::prepWrapper(void* args) {
    sigset_t set;
    sigemptyset(&set);
    sigaddset(&set, SIGTERM);
    Prep_Test * p = (Prep_Test *)args;
    if (p == NULL) return NULL;

    while(!(p->cancel_flag)) {

        printf("prep thread %lu before sleep\n", pthread_self());
        int rc = 0;//sleep(5);
        printf("prep thread %lu after sleep %d\n", pthread_self(), rc);
    }
    printf("prep thread %lu exit\n", pthread_self());
    p->cancel_flag = false;
    return NULL;
}

class State_Test {
public:
    State_Test() {
        cancel_flag = 0;
        id = 0;
    };
static void* stateWrapper(void* args);
int cancel_flag;
pthread_t id;
};

void * State_Test::stateWrapper(void* args) {
    sigset_t set;
    sigemptyset(&set);
    sigaddset(&set, SIGTERM);
    State_Test * p = (State_Test *)args;
    if (p == NULL) return NULL;

    while(!(p->cancel_flag)) {
        printf("state thread %lu before sleep\n", pthread_self());
        int rc = 0;//sleep(5);
        printf("state thread %lu after sleep %d\n", pthread_self(), rc);
    }
    printf("state thread %lu exit\n", pthread_self());
    p->cancel_flag = false;
    return NULL;
}

class SIG_HANDLER {
public:
    SIG_HANDLER() {
        prepID[0] = 0;
        prepID[1] = 0;
        prepID[2] = 0;
        stateID = 0;
    };
    //static void sighandler(int signo);

    Prep_Test prepTest[3];
    State_Test stateTest;
    pthread_t prepID[3];
    pthread_t stateID;
};

SIG_HANDLER sigHandler;

void sighandler(int signo) {
    pthread_t id = pthread_self();
    printf("sighandler thread id = %lu\n", id);
    if (signo = SIGTERM) {
        if (id == sigHandler.stateID) {
            sigHandler.stateTest.cancel_flag = true;
        }
        else {
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
                if (id == sigHandler.prepID[i]) {
                    sigHandler.prepTest[i].cancel_flag = true;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    //Prep_Test prepTest[3];
    //State_Test stateTest;
    //pthread_t prepID[3];
    //pthread_t stateID;
    int rc;
    //SIG_HANDLER sigHandler;
    struct sigaction actions;
    memset(&actions, 0, sizeof(actions));
    sigemptyset(&actions.sa_mask);
    actions.sa_flags = 0;
    actions.sa_handler = sighandler;

    rc = sigaction(SIGTERM, &actions, NULL);
    printf("install sig action rc = %d\n", rc);

    rc = pthread_create(&(sigHandler.stateID), NULL, State_Test::stateWrapper, &(sigHandler.stateTest));
    printf("create state thread rc = %d, id = %lu\n", rc, sigHandler.stateID);

    rc = pthread_create(&(sigHandler.prepID[0]), NULL, Prep_Test::prepWrapper, &(sigHandler.prepTest[0]));
    printf("create prep 0 thread rc = %d, id = %lu\n", rc, sigHandler.prepID[0]);

    rc = pthread_create(&(sigHandler.prepID[1]), NULL, Prep_Test::prepWrapper, &(sigHandler.prepTest[1]));
    printf("create prep 1 thread rc = %d, id = %lu\n", rc, sigHandler.prepID[1]);

    rc = pthread_create(&(sigHandler.prepID[2]), NULL, Prep_Test::prepWrapper, &(sigHandler.prepTest[2]));
    printf("create prep 2 thread rc = %d, id = %lu\n", rc, sigHandler.prepID[2]);

    sleep(3);
    printf("___________________________\n");
    printf("cancel state id = %lu\n", sigHandler.stateID);
    pthread_kill(sigHandler.stateID, SIGTERM);
/*
    printf("cancel prep0 id = %lu\n", sigHandler.prepID[0]);
    pthread_kill(sigHandler.prepID[0], SIGTERM);
    printf("cancel prep1 id = %lu\n", sigHandler.prepID[1]);
    pthread_kill(sigHandler.prepID[1], SIGTERM);
    printf("cancel prep2 id = %lu\n", sigHandler.prepID[2]);
    pthread_kill(sigHandler.prepID[2], SIGTERM);
*/
    printf("brfore main sleep\n");
    sleep(2);
    printf("after main sleep\n");

    return 0;
}

经多次测试， 没有发现这个信号被其它线程相应的情况。