027 命令行变元

/**********************027 命令行变元********************************
 * 使用，命令行变元写一个小程序cuntdown。 程序对来自命令行的值连续减
 * 量，达到零时产生蜂鸣。
 * C语言精彩编程百例 第27*/

//Countdown program
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<string.h>

int main(int argc,char* argv[])
{
    int disp,count;
    if(argc<2)
    {
        printf("You must enter the length of the count\n");
        printf("on the command line.Try again\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    if (argc==3 && !strcmp(argv[1],"display"))
        disp = 1;
    else
        disp=0;
    for(count = atoi(argv[2]);count;--count)
        if(disp==1)
            printf("%d\n",count);
    putchar('\a');
    printf("Down");

    return 0;
}

对应的汇编

    .file   "027.c"
    .def    ___main;    .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .text
    .align 32
LC0:
    .ascii "You must enter the length of the count\12\0"
    .align 32
LC1:
    .ascii "on the command line.Try again\12\0"
LC2:
    .ascii "display\0"
LC3:
    .ascii "%d\12\0"
LC4:
    .ascii "Down\0"
    .align 2
.globl _main
    .def    _main;  .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
_main:
    pushl   %ebp
    movl    %esp, %ebp
    subl    $24, %esp
    andl    $-16, %esp
    movl    $0, %eax
    movl    %eax, -12(%ebp)
    movl    -12(%ebp), %eax
    call    __alloca
    call    ___main
    cmpl    $1, 8(%ebp)    # if argc<2
    jg  L74
    subl    $12, %esp  # printf
    pushl   $LC0
    call    _printf
    addl    $16, %esp
    subl    $12, %esp  # printf
    pushl   $LC1
    call    _printf
    addl    $16, %esp
    subl    $12, %esp  # exit(1)
    pushl   $1
    call    _exit
L74:
    cmpl    $3, 8(%ebp)    # if argc==3
    jne L75
    subl    $8, %esp   # 准备调用_strcmp
    pushl   $LC2       # "display"
    movl    12(%ebp), %eax  # eax=argv 
    addl    $4, %eax   # eax=argv+4
    pushl   (%eax)      # argv[1]
    call    _strcmp
    addl    $16, %esp  # 调整堆栈
    testl   %eax, %eax  # if strcmp
    jne L75
    movl    $1, -4(%ebp)   # disp =1
    jmp L76
L75:
    movl    $0, -4(%ebp)   # disp =0
L76:
    subl    $12, %esp  # 准备调用 atoi
    movl    12(%ebp), %eax  # eax=argv
    addl    $8, %eax   # argv+8
    pushl   (%eax)      # argv[2]
    call    _atoi
    addl    $16, %esp  # 平衡堆栈
    movl    %eax, -8(%ebp)  # count = atoi(argv[2])
L77:
    cmpl    $0, -8(%ebp)   # if count
    jne L80
    jmp L78
L80:
    cmpl    $1, -4(%ebp)    # if disp=1
    jne L79
    subl    $8, %esp   # printf
    pushl   -8(%ebp)
    pushl   $LC3
    call    _printf
    addl    $16, %esp
L79:
    leal    -8(%ebp), %eax  # &count
    decl    (%eax)      # count--
    jmp L77
L78:
    subl    $12, %esp  # putchar
    pushl   $7
    call    _putchar
    addl    $16, %esp
    subl    $12, %esp
    pushl   $LC4
    call    _printf     # printf
    addl    $16, %esp
    movl    $0, %eax
    leave
    ret
    .def    _putchar;   .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .def    _atoi;  .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .def    _strcmp;    .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .def    _exit;  .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .def    _printf;    .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef

1. 命令行变元和函数的参数传递方式比较类似，32位编译器下，都是通过 8(%ebp)，12(%ebp)传递的。
2. char* argv[]， 和 char ** argv 在这里应该是一样的，目前指向地址的指针还没开始研究，后面看见较深入的例子后再深入理解。