剑指offer 04 ：替换空格

#include <cstdlib>
#include <cctype>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <bitset>

using namespace std;

#define PB push_back
#define MP make_pair
#define REP(i,n) for(int i=0;i<(n);++i)
#define FOR(i,l,h) for(int i=(l);i<=(h);++i)
#define DWN(i,h,l) for(int i=(h);i>=(l);--i)
#define CLR(vis,pos) memset(vis,pos,sizeof(vis))
#define PI acos(-1.0)
#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f
#define LINF 1000000000000000000LL
#define eps 1e-8

typedef long long ll;

char str[1111111];

void replace_space(char s[]){
    if(s==NULL) return;

    int len=strlen(s);
    int num=0;
    REP(i,len){
        if(s[i]==' ')
            num++;
    }
    int new_len=len+num*2;
    int old_index=len;
    int new_index=new_len;

    while(old_index>=0 && old_index<=new_index){
        if(s[old_index]==' '){
            s[new_index--]='0';
            s[new_index--]='2';
            s[new_index--]='%';
        }
        else
            s[new_index--]=s[old_index];
        old_index--;
    }
}

int main()
{
    while(gets(str)){
        replace_space(str);
        cout<<str<<endl;
        CLR(str,0);
    }
    return 0;
}