VSCode手动安装go插件的依赖

vscode安装了Go插件之后，使用各种功能时，需要用到go语言的依赖包。自动安装会报错，这里介绍手动安装方法。
介绍一个例子：安装goreturns依赖（自动格式化代码的工具）。

先配置环境变量GOPATH，我的配置是 E:\go

$ echo $GOPATH
E:\go

按照github的说明，执行安装命令：（会报错获取依赖失败，后面手动处理）

$ go get -u github.com/sqs/goreturns

package golang.org/x/tools/imports: unrecognized import path "golang.org/x/tools/imports": https fetch: Get "https://golang.org/x/tools/imports?go-get=1": dial tcp 216.239.37.1:443: connectex: A connection attempt 
failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond.

尝试直接安装，报错：（此步骤可省略）

$ go install $GOPATH/src/github.com/sqs/goreturns

sqs\goreturns\goreturns.go:21:2: cannot find package "golang.org/x/tools/imports" in any of:
        c:\go\src\golang.org\x\tools\imports (from $GOROOT)
        E:\go\src\golang.org\x\tools\imports (from $GOPATH)

意思是goreturns依赖tools包，于是安装tools工具：
按照github的md文件说明，此包需要安装到路径$GOPATH/src/golang.org/x/tools下

$ git clone https://github.com/golang/tools.git $GOPATH/src/golang.org/x/tools

然后再安装，还是报错：（此步骤可省略）

$ go install $GOPATH/src/github.com/sqs/goreturns

..\golang.org\x\tools\internal\imports\mod.go:17:2: cannot find package "golang.org/x/mod/module" in any of:
        c:\go\src\golang.org\x\mod\module (from $GOROOT)
        E:\go\src\golang.org\x\mod\module (from $GOPATH)
..\golang.org\x\tools\internal\gocommand\vendor.go:16:2: cannot find package "golang.org/x/mod/semver" in any of:
        c:\go\src\golang.org\x\mod\semver (from $GOROOT)
        E:\go\src\golang.org\x\mod\semver (from $GOPATH)

意思是tools包依赖mod包，于是安装mod包：

$ git clone https://github.com/golang/mod.git $GOPATH/src/golang.org/x/mod

然后再安装，仍然报错：（此步骤可省略）

$ go install $GOPATH/src/github.com/sqs/goreturns

golang.org\x\mod\module\module.go:107:2: cannot find package "golang.org/x/xerrors" in any of:
        c:\go\src\golang.org\x\xerrors (from $GOROOT)
        E:\go\src\golang.org\x\xerrors (from $GOPATH)

意思是mod包又依赖xerrors包，继续满足它：

$ git clone https://github.com/golang/xerrors.git $GOPATH/src/golang.org/x/xerrors

最后，终于没报错了：

$ go install $GOPATH/src/github.com/sqs/goreturns

然后测试一下，在.go文件中格式化代码(alt+shift+f)，我这边生效了，你呢？

这里在网上收集了一些常用的工具和依赖包，我们可以在一开始就全下好准备着，省的一步步的操作。

常用依赖：

$ cd $GOPATH/src/golang.org/x/
git clone https://github.com/golang/tools.git
git clone https://github.com/golang/lint.git
git clone https://github.com/golang/mod.git
git clone https://github.com/golang/xerrors.git
git clone https://github.com/golang/net.git

常用工具：

gocode	代码自动补全	https://github.com/mdempsky/gocode
go-outline	在当前文件中查找	https://github.com/ramya-rao-a/go-outline
go-symbols	在项目路径下查找	https://github.com/acroca/go-symbols
gopkgs	自动补全未导入包	https://github.com/uudashr/gopkgs
guru	查询所有引用	https://golang.org/x/tools/cmd/guru
gorename	重命名符号	https://golang.org/x/tools/cmd/gorename
goreturns	格式化代码	https://github.com/sqs/goreturns
godef	跳转到声明	https://github.com/rogpeppe/godef
godoc	鼠标悬浮时文档提示	https://golang.org/x/tools/cmd/godoc
golint	就是lint	https://golang.org/x/lint/golint
dlv	调试功能	https://github.com/derekparker/delve/tree/master/cmd/dlv
gomodifytags	修改结构体标签	https://github.com/fatih/gomodifytags
goplay	运行当前go文件	https://github.com/haya14busa/goplay/
impl	新建接口	https://github.com/josharian/impl
gotype-live	类型诊断	https://github.com/tylerb/gotype-live
gotests	单元测试	https://github.com/cweill/gotests/
go-langserver	语言服务	https://github.com/sourcegraph/go-langserver
filstruct	结构体成员默认值	https://github.com/davidrjenni/reftools/tree/master/cmd/fillstruct