xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 在新建xml文件的时候都会加上这一句,而xmlns的真正含义是xml namespace 表示的是命名空间,也可以理解为一个语法文件,规定了哪些可以使用,那些不可以使用。加上上句代码,使用的Android所自带的属性例如:android:layout_width="fill_parent",在Android也可以使用自定义属性。
首先是使用自定义属性的操作流程:在res/values文件夹下新建一个arrts文件,在此文件中自定义一些属性。在布局文件当中添加自定的xmlns,在控件中使用自定义熟悉。在需要调用的属性的位置使用TypedArray获得属性的值。
实际的使用:在实现相同的自定义控件在不同的位置实现不同的ui效果(例如圆形图片使用不同的颜色边框)。
1,首先是attrs文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<declare-styleable name="MyImageView">
<attr name="borderColor" format="color"/>
<attr name="borderSize" format="dimension" />
<attr name="title" format="string"/>
</declare-styleable>
</resources>
name是自定义的属性名,format定义的是此属性的输出类型。format使用说明如下:
1. reference:参考某一资源ID。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "名称">
<attr name = "background" format = "reference" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<ImageView
android:layout_width = "42dip"
android:layout_height = "42dip"
android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"
/>
2. color:颜色值。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "名称">
<attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<TextView
android:layout_width = "42dip"
android:layout_height = "42dip"
android:textColor = "#00FF00"
/>
3. boolean:布尔值。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "名称">
<attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<Button
android:layout_width = "42dip"
android:layout_height = "42dip"
android:focusable = "true"
/>
4. dimension:尺寸值。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "名称">
<attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<Button
android:layout_width = "42dip"
android:layout_height = "42dip"
/>
5. float:浮点值。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">
<attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />
<attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<alpha
android:fromAlpha = "1.0"
android:toAlpha = "0.7"
/>
6. integer:整型值。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">
<attr name = "visible" />
<attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />
<attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />
<attr name = "pivotX" />
<attr name = "pivotY" />
<attr name = "drawable" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<animated-rotate
xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID"
android:pivotX = "50%"
android:pivotY = "50%"
android:framesCount = "12"
android:frameDuration = "100"
/>
7. string:字符串。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "MapView">
<attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<com.google.android.maps.MapView
android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
android:apiKey = "0jOkQ80oD1JL9C6HAja99uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g"
/>
8. fraction:百分数。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">
<attr name = "visible" />
<attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />
<attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />
<attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />
<attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />
<attr name = "drawable" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<rotate
xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID"
android:fromDegrees = "0"
android:toDegrees = "360"
android:pivotX = "200%"
android:pivotY = "300%"
android:duration = "5000"
android:repeatMode = "restart"
android:repeatCount = "infinite"
/>
9. enum:枚举值。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name="名称">
<attr name="orientation">
<enum name="horizontal" value="0" />
<enum name="vertical" value="1" />
</attr>
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation = "vertical"
android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
>
</LinearLayout>
10. flag:位或运算。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name="名称">
<attr name="windowSoftInputMode">
<flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />
<flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />
<flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />
<flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />
<flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />
<flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />
<flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />
<flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />
<flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />
<flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />
</attr>
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<activity
android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"
android:label = "@string/app_name"
android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged | stateHidden">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
如果想使用多个输入类型使用“|”隔开就行
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "名称">
<attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<ImageView
android:layout_width = "42dip"
android:layout_height = "42dip"
android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00"
/>
2,在布局文件中使用
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
xmlns:test="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.example.activityanimationdemo"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<Button
android:id="@id/btn"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:padding="@dimen/padding_medium"
android:text="click me"
tools:context=".MainActivity" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/text"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
<com.example.activityanimationdemo.MyImageView
android:id="@+id/myImageView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignRight="@id/btn"
android:layout_below="@+id/text"
android:layout_marginRight="73dp"
android:layout_marginTop="14dp"
test:borderColor="@color/green"
test:borderSize="5dip"
android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/myImageView1"
android:layout_below="@+id/myImageView1"
android:layout_marginTop="21dp"
android:background="@drawable/image_bg"
android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />
</RelativeLayout>
在自定义控件MyImageView当中使用自定义属性。
3,在自定义控件(java代码)当中调用设置自定义属性
package com.example.activityanimationdemo;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.widget.ImageView;
public class MyImageView extends ImageView{
private int border_size;
int defaultsize=1;
private int border_color;
int defaultcolor=R.color.black;
private TypedArray myTypeArray;
public MyImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
super(context, attrs, defStyle);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public MyImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
myTypeArray=context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.MyImageView);
border_size= (int) myTypeArray.getDimension(R.styleable.MyImageView_borderSize, defaultsize);
border_color=myTypeArray.getColor(R.styleable.MyImageView_borderColor, defaultcolor);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public MyImageView(Context context) {
super(context);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onDraw(canvas);
//获取控件需要重新绘制的区域
Rect rect=canvas.getClipBounds();
rect.bottom-=border_size;
rect.right-=border_size;
rect.left+=border_size;
rect.top+=border_size;
Paint paint=new Paint();
paint.setColor(border_color);
paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
paint.setStrokeWidth(border_size);
canvas.drawRect(rect, paint);
}
}