完整的搭建mongodb集群(副本集+分片)的例子。。。
准备四台机器,分别是bluejoe1,bluejoe2,bluejoe3,以及bluejoe0
副本集及分片策略确定如下:
- 将创建3个副本集,命名为shard1,shard2,shard3;
- 以上3个副本集作为3个分片;
- 每个副本集包含3个副本(主、辅1、辅2);
- 副本分开存储,即shard1存在bluejoe1、bluejoe2、bluejoe3上各一份。。。以此类推
- 将创建3个配置库实例,一台机器一个
- bluejoe0上配置一个mongos(mongos一般可以配置在应用端)
画了一个图:
具体操作步骤如下:
- 在bluejoe1上下载mongdb安装包;
- 解压至/usr/local/mongdb(注意改名);
- 创建data/brick1,brick2,brick3目录,启动3个mongod实例,注意它们分别是shard1,shard2和shard3:
- /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod --dbpath /usr/local/mongodb/data/brick1 --port 10001 --replSet shard1 --logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log/brick1.log
- /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod --dbpath /usr/local/mongodb/data/brick2 --port 10002 --replSet shard2 --logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log/brick2.log
- /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod --dbpath /usr/local/mongodb/data/brick3 --port 10003 --replSet shard3 --logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log/brick3.log
- 使用scp命令,将mongodb目录复制至bluejoe2和bluejoe3机器,并按照第3步启动每台机器上的3个实例;
- 初始化副本:
- mongo bluejoe1:10001
-
- >use admin
- >db.runCommand(
- {
- "replSetInitiate":
- {
- "_id":"shard1",
- "members":
- [
- {
- "_id":1,
- "host":"bluejoe1:10001"
- },
- {
- "_id":2,
- "host":"bluejoe2:10003"
- },
- {
- "_id":3,
- "host":"bluejoe3:10002"
- }
- ]
- }
- })
-
- mongo bluejoe2:10001
-
- >use admin
- >db.runCommand(
- {
- "replSetInitiate":
- {
- "_id":"shard2",
- "members":
- [
- {
- "_id":1,
- "host":"bluejoe2:10001"
- },
- {
- "_id":2,
- "host":"bluejoe1:10002"
- },
- {
- "_id":3,
- "host":"bluejoe3:10003"
- }
- ]
- }
- })
-
-
- mongo bluejoe3:10001
- >use admin
- >db.runCommand(
- {
- "replSetInitiate":
- {
- "_id":"shard3",
- "members":
- [
- {
- "_id":1,
- "host":"bluejoe3:10001"
- },
- {
- "_id":2,
- "host":"bluejoe2:10002"
- },
- {
- "_id":3,
- "host":"bluejoe1:10003"
- }
- ]
- }
- })
- 观察副本集的实时复制特性
- 连接上bluejoe1:10001,看到shard1:PRIMARY>的字样,说明它是shard1的主节点
- 创建一张新表,创建几条测试记录
- 连接上bluejoe3:10002,看到shard1:SECONDARY>的字样,说明它是shard1的辅助节点
- 注意此时无法查询前面新增的记录,会报错not master and slaveOk=false
- 回到bluejoe1:10001,设置slaveOk
- db.getMongo().setSlaveOk()
- 再回到bluejoe3:10002,即可看到主节点写入的记录
- 观察副本集的故障转移特性
- 杀掉bluejoe1:10001的进程
- 再次连接上bluejoe3:10002,看到shard1:PRIMARY>的字样,说明它已经变成shard1的主节点
- 如果这时再启动bluejoe1:10001,则发现它已经变成shard1:SECONDARY>
- 创建data/configdb,启动配置库实例:
-
- /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod --dbpath /usr/local/mongodb/data/configdb --port 20000 --logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log/configdb.log
- 到现在为止应该有12个mongd实例,其中3个为配置库实例,剩下的属于3个副本集;
- 接下来管理分片,在bluejoe0上启动mongs:
- /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongos --port 30000 --configdb bluejoe1:20000,bluejoe2:20000,bluejoe3:20000
- 连接上mongos,配置分片信息:
- mongos> use admin
- switched to db admin
-
- db.runCommand({"addShard":"shard1/bluejoe1:10001"})
- db.runCommand({"addShard":"shard2/bluejoe2:10001"})
- db.runCommand({"addShard":"shard3/bluejoe3:10001"})
- 查看分片情况:
- mongos> db.runCommand({listshards:1})
- {
- "shards" : [
- {
- "_id" : "shard1",
- "host" : "shard1/bluejoe1:10001,bluejoe2:10003,bluejoe3:10002"
- },
- {
- "_id" : "shard2",
- "host" : "shard2/bluejoe1:10002,bluejoe2:10001,bluejoe3:10003"
- },
- {
- "_id" : "shard3",
- "host" : "shard3/bluejoe1:10003,bluejoe2:10002,bluejoe3:10001"
- }
- ],
- "ok" : 1
- }
可以看出,尽管注册的时候只是提供了副本集的主节点,但mongos已知晓了各辅助节点;
- 对某个库开启分片功能:
- mongos> db.runCommand({"enablesharding":"test"})
- { "ok" : 1 }
- mongos> db.runCommand({"shardcollection":"test.person","key":{_id:'hashed'}})
- { "collectionsharded" : "test.person", "ok" : 1 }
- 插入测试数据:
- mongos> for(var i=0;i<10;i++){db.person.insert({name:"bluejoe"+i});}
- WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
- 查看数据分片存储情况:
- [root@hadoop0 ~]# mongo bluejoe3:10002
- MongoDB shell version: 2.6.5
- connecting to: bluejoe3:10002/test
- shard1:PRIMARY> db.person.find()
- { "_id" : ObjectId("546ff1013a0d0ec68b42a914"), "name" : "bluejoe0" }
- { "_id" : ObjectId("546ff1013a0d0ec68b42a915"), "name" : "bluejoe1" }
- { "_id" : ObjectId("546ff1013a0d0ec68b42a91a"), "name" : "bluejoe6" }
- { "_id" : ObjectId("546ff1013a0d0ec68b42a91b"), "name" : "bluejoe7" }
- { "_id" : ObjectId("546ff1013a0d0ec68b42a91c"), "name" : "bluejoe8" }
- shard1:PRIMARY> exit
- bye
- [root@hadoop0 ~]# mongo bluejoe2:10001
- MongoDB shell version: 2.6.5
- connecting to: bluejoe2:10001/test
- shard2:PRIMARY> db.person.find()
- { "_id" : ObjectId("546ff1013a0d0ec68b42a918"), "name" : "bluejoe4" }
- shard2:PRIMARY> exit
- bye
- [root@hadoop0 ~]# mongo bluejoe3:10001
- MongoDB shell version: 2.6.5
- connecting to: bluejoe3:10001/test
- shard3:PRIMARY> db.person.find()
- { "_id" : ObjectId("546ff1013a0d0ec68b42a916"), "name" : "bluejoe2" }
- { "_id" : ObjectId("546ff1013a0d0ec68b42a917"), "name" : "bluejoe3" }
- { "_id" : ObjectId("546ff1013a0d0ec68b42a919"), "name" : "bluejoe5" }
- { "_id" : ObjectId("546ff1013a0d0ec68b42a91d"), "name" : "bluejoe9" }
- shard3:PRIMARY>