linked-list-cycle

Given a linked list, determine if it has a cycle in it.
Follow up:
Can you solve it without using extra space?

思路:思想很简单,定义快慢指针,看它们是否会相遇
在写法上需要注意一下while循环的条件。

下面是两种写法:

代码:
1、

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    bool hasCycle(ListNode *head) {
        if(head==NULL || head->next==NULL)
            return false;
        ListNode *slow = head;
        ListNode *fast = head->next;
        while(slow!=NULL && fast!=NULL){//注意循环条件,这样写循环体里不需要判断它俩是否为空,下一次跳出就可以了
            if(slow==fast)
                return true;
            slow = slow->next;
            fast = fast->next;
            if(fast!=NULL)//这里需要加这样的判断条件避免出现对空指针取next发生段错误
                fast = fast->next;
        }
        return false;
    }
};

2、

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    bool hasCycle(ListNode *head) {
        if(head==NULL || head->next==NULL)
            return false;
        ListNode *slow = head;
        ListNode *fast = head;//这里由于定义的时候二者都指向链表头,所以循环里只能先后移后判断是否相等
        while(fast!=NULL && fast->next!=NULL){
            //关于循环条件,由于用到了fast->next->next,所以需要保证fast->next不为空
            //而判断fast->next不为空的前提需要保证fast不为空,否则判断fast->next的时候就会出错
            slow = slow->next;//这里因为直接后移,所以循环条件就需要加一些判断,而不能简单地判断二者不为空
            fast = fast->next->next;
            if(slow==fast)
                return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
};
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To merge k sorted linked lists, one approach is to repeatedly merge two of the linked lists until all k lists have been merged into one. We can use a priority queue to keep track of the minimum element across all k linked lists at any given time. Here's the code to implement this idea: ``` struct ListNode { int val; ListNode* next; ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {} }; // Custom comparator for the priority queue struct CompareNode { bool operator()(const ListNode* node1, const ListNode* node2) const { return node1->val > node2->val; } }; ListNode* mergeKLists(vector<ListNode*>& lists) { priority_queue<ListNode*, vector<ListNode*>, CompareNode> pq; for (ListNode* list : lists) { if (list) { pq.push(list); } } ListNode* dummy = new ListNode(-1); ListNode* curr = dummy; while (!pq.empty()) { ListNode* node = pq.top(); pq.pop(); curr->next = node; curr = curr->next; if (node->next) { pq.push(node->next); } } return dummy->next; } ``` We start by initializing a priority queue with all the head nodes of the k linked lists. We use a custom comparator that compares the values of two nodes and returns true if the first node's value is less than the second node's value. We then create a dummy node to serve as the head of the merged linked list, and a current node to keep track of the last node in the merged linked list. We repeatedly pop the minimum node from the priority queue and append it to the merged linked list. If the popped node has a next node, we push it onto the priority queue. Once the priority queue is empty, we return the head of the merged linked list. Note that this implementation has a time complexity of O(n log k), where n is the total number of nodes across all k linked lists, and a space complexity of O(k).

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